Objective of this study is to determine the etiology of patients applied with revision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and to evaluate the operation results.The patients were retrospectively evaluated in respect of demographic data, the time from primary to revision surgery, revision etiology, the use of bicanalicular silicone nasolacrimal tube (BNLT), the time to postoperative removal of the silicone tube, and the success of the revision surgery.The study included 27 patients applied with revision endoscopic DCR between January 2013 and January 2016. The mean age of the patients was 46.7 ± 11.7 years. The mean time from the first operation to revision surgery was 7.2 ± 6.1 months (range, 1-24 months). During the endoscopic DCR, synechia was observed in 2 (7.4%), granulation tissue in 7 (25.9%), inadequate bone window in 5 (18.52%), and membranous scar around the ostium in 22 (81.4%) patients. More than 1 etiologic problem was determined in 8 patients. During the revision procedure, BNLT was applied to 12 (44.4%) patients. At the final follow-up examination, the complaint of epiphora had completely recovered in 18 (66.6%) patients and there were in 9 (33.3%) patients. The mean time to removal of the BNLT was 1.7 ± 0.57 months (range, 1-3 months).The most common cause of recurrent epiphora in endoscopic DCR was the formation of membranous scar. The use of the mucosal flap technique in primary surgery and the application of BNLT to all patients in revision surgery may increase the functional success rate.

The voice onset time is a temporal acoustic parameter defined as the time between the release of the oral constriction for plosive production and the onset of vocal fold vibrations. Hearing impairment is one of the factors that can effect the magnitude of voice onset time. Since voice onset time is a useful, noninvasive method for documenting the articulatory-phonatory aspects of vocal training during speech, we investigated voice onset time values for Turkish stop consonants in adult cochlear implanted patients in order to clarify the effect of CI and sequential hearing rehabilitation over voice onset time values. The CI patients were divided into two groups according to duration of CI usage. We looked for relations between results of the study and average voice onset time values in Turkish language for adults. Mean VOT values for for both males and females in the first and second group are shown in Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4. Most syllables both in males and females statistically significant differ from average VOT values, e.g. They did not reach to normal hearing adults level. These acoustic results indicated that VOT may be an effective measure for examining the effect of cochlear implantation over the articulatory accuracy. As far as we know, this is the first publication using voice onset time values for the efficiency of cochlear implantation in adult patients.

BackroundLaryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is the backflow of stomach contents above upper esophageal sphincter, into the pharynx, larynx, and upper aerodigestive system.ObjectivesIn this study, effects of omeprazole over voice quality in muscle tension dysphonia with laryngopharyngeal reflux was ınvestigated.Patients and MethodsNine patients, 7 males and 2 females, aged between 27-43 (mean age:31) were included to this study. The diagnosis of muscle tension dysphonia with LPR was established by video laryngoscopy, rigid scope 70º. The laryngeal changes related with LPR were evaluated according to Reflux Finding Score. The patients received omeprazole 20 mg twice a day for a period of 6 months. None of the patients received voice therapy. Vocal hygiene guidelines were also explained to the patients. Objective and subjective voice parameters (Jitter, shimmer, NHR, Voice Handicap Index, and Auditive analysis; Roughness, breathiness, and hoarseness) were evaluated in this study.ResultsAfter treatment with omeprazol, all the parameters showed an improvement in voice quality, but only VHI (P = 0) and shimmer (P = 0,018) are statistically significant.ConclusionsFor FD patients with LPR condition, we highly recommend that LPR treatment should be part of the treatment plan.

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