Daunorubicin and adriamycin, anthracycline antibiotics, have been investigated by polarography, cyclic voltammetry, and chronopotentiometry in aqueous media at 37.~~ as have their aglycones daunomycinone and adriamycinone. A mechanism is proposed to explain the complex reduction behavior observed. The significance of the mechanism is discussed in relation to the antineoplastic and cardiotoxic activity of the clinically useful daunorubicin and adriamycin.Daunorubicin, 1, a fungal metabolite isolated from * Electrochemical Society Active Member.

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Prevention of nosocomial urinary tract infections by iontophoresis is addressed. An iontophoretic generator was used to provide microamperage (10 to 400 ILA) to vials containing either synthetic urine or supplemented synthetic urine. Bacteria were added to vials, and parameters of growth, bacterial killing, and multiple electrode materials were examined. Escherichia coli and Proteus species were both inhibited and killed at various microamperages and with several electrode types, the most efficient being gold-gold as the anodecathode combination. KlebsieUapneumoniae in supplemented synthetic urine was least inhibited in growth, and higher microamperage (200 to 400 pA) was most effective in killing the bacteria. Bacterial growth reduction and killing were directly related to increasing microamperage and were inversely related to bacterial concentration.Prevention of nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTI) has long been a goal of clinicians. Urinary catheters are the leading cause of nosocomial UTI, and UTI is the most common predisposing factor for cases of fatal gram-negative sepsis that originate in hospitals (5, 7). Consequently, prevention of UTI related to urinary catheters could lead to a substantial reduction in morbidity and mortality from nosocomial gram-negative sepsis. Such prevention could also decrease morbidity and mortality in geriatric patients, because those who require catheterization can have a high incidence of bacteriuria (9,15).

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