In the light of ideas of the nonextensive thermodynamics, we have analyzed here the transverse momentum spectra of pions and protons produced at different centralities in the interactions of P+P, D+Au and Au+Au interactions, all of them at [Formula: see text] GeV at RHIC-BNL. Comparison of the results and the comments thereon have also been made with indications of suitable hints to the physical import and implications. The overall impact and the utility of the approach along with the obtained results are discussed in detail.

Experimental studies on gold–gold collisions at RHIC at [Formula: see text] have produced a vast amount of data and results to be analyzed in the light of various competing models in the domain of multiparticle production scenario. We have chosen to analyze here the measured data on the pT-spectra of various light and nonstrange secondaries and some of their very important ratio-behaviors at the various centralities of the collision in the light of a version of the sequential chain model. The agreements between measured data and theoretical plots are found to be modestly satisfactory.

In continuation of our previous works, we attempt here to understand the nature of data on direct photon and neutral pion production in the latest RHIC experiments at [Formula: see text] for all the different interactions studied therein from the viewpoint of a nonstandard outlook and approach as described in Refs. 4 and 5 here. It is found that the proposed model could account for the data-sets with a fair degree of success.

With the help of a phenomenological approach outlined in the text in some detail, we have dealt here with the description of the plots on rapidity and pseudorapidity spectra of some hadron-secondaries produced in various nucleus-nucleus interactions at high energies. The agreement between the measured data and the attempted fits are, on the whole, modestly satisfactory excepting a very narrow central region in the vicinity of y = η = 0. At last, hints to how the steps suggested in the main body of the text to proceed with the description of the measured data given in the plots could lead finally to a somewhat systematic methodology have also been made.

In continuation of our series of works on the phenomenological studies on production of particles in various high-energy collisions, we attempt here to deal exclusively with some very crucial aspects of Au–Au collisions at RHIC-BNL. With emphasis on understanding the qualitative and quantitative properties of several important observables related to Au–Au interactions at RHIC, we have also endeavored to analyze and assess, if possible, the limits to the successes and failures of such absolutely phenomenological approaches. As all the models in the domain of high-energy physics are invariably and essentially phenomenological in nature, we have also tried to pinpoint the main and major constrictions of and constraints on these approaches-cum-models. By this yardstick, even the so-called Standard Model (SM), which is too greatly lauded and taken for granted, cannot escape our critical remarks that are cast on the general framework of what is termed “phenomenology”, in the realm of physics in particular and of science in general.