The etiologic agents of central nervous system infections in HIV-infected patients comprise a broad range of opportunistic pathogens. We presented a 49-year-old male patient with HIV infection and low adherence to antiretroviral therapy. He presented with multiple cerebral abscesses, and his microbiological diagnosis approach resulted in the isolation of Nocardia beijingensis, a species rarely reported in America. Central nervous system nocardial infection in HIV-infected patients should be considered, and a diagnosis at species level is mandatory because the antibiotic susceptibility profile varies among species.