In this study, passive task-related fatigue effects on highway driving were analyzed by means of driving simulator experiments. Ten drivers were asked to drive in various environments in the morning (9:00-11:00 a.m.) and early afternoon (1:00-3:00 p.m.). Mean of Absolute Steering Error and Standard Deviation of Lateral Position, calculated on sub-intervals of 4 minutes, were analysed as response variables. The results confirmed the negative influence of the duration of driving tasks and circadian effects on driving performance, increasing the likelihood of “near misses” and accidents
In this paper, a procedure for the evaluation of the interaction between existing buildings and urban roadway networks after a seismic event is proposed. This question is relevant in historical urban centres, where urbanisation typology has evidenced, in the past, lack of road networks’ residual connectivity in post-earthquake conditions. The present study proposes a method for the evaluation of the residual functionality in urban context, moving from the execution of building surveys, the application of probabilistic concepts and fuzzy logic with the aim to define probable urban road network damage scenarios. The methodology is applied to the Municipality of Conegliano (northeastern Italy) evaluating the potential seismic damage scenario to the historical urban centre and highlighting criticisms in the post-earthquake rescue operations
In recent years, the debate concerning the concept of sustainability and sustainable development has received increasing attention with reference to interactions between transport and land-use systems. \ud
A multi-dimensional vision of sustainable mobility has been accepted as a reference point for stakeholders and experts; it finds a significant representation in the concept of the “three pillars of sustainability” which examines the idea of sustainability from a three-dimensional perspective: social, economic and environmental.\ud
This paper presents a Fuzzy-Based Evaluation Method (F-BEM), which is a useful tool for evaluating the sustainability of alternative transport policies. The structure of the method formalises the concept of the “three pillars of sustainability” by means of a set of indicators as input variables. The method determines an overall fuzzy index of the sustainability of each alternative policy analysed and provides information about the combined dimensions of sustainability (equity, viability and bearableness).\ud
In order to analyse the operational applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method, various pollution-reducing policies were evaluated with reference to a case study and compared with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. \ud
Interpretation of results yielded useful information about the capacity of the model to be used as an alternative to traditional methods of sustainability evaluation, and also indicated further developments of this research
In this paper passive task-related effects of highway driving in monotonous environments were studied using driving simulator experiments. Seventeen drivers were asked to drive in monotonous and various environments in the morning (9:00-11:00 a.m.) and in the early afternoon (1:00-3:00 p.m.); the Mean and the Standard Deviation of Steer Error and the Standard Deviation of Lateral Position, calculated on sub-interval of 1 minute, were recorded and chosen as response variables. The analysis conducted using mixed-effects models highlighted negative influence of the duration of driving task, monotonous environment and circadian effects in decrements of driving performances
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