2.1. Consumers' surplus 21 2.2. Producers' surplus 2.3. Effect of supply shift on Imports 25 3.1. Distribution of years of schooling 52 3.2. Distribution of extension contacts per month 52 3.3. Three year moving average wheat yields 54 3.4. Experiment station yields 1967-1988 56 3.5. Three year moving average ratio of farm to experiment station yields 59 4.1. National agricultural research bJdget 69 4.2. ClANO real expenditures 83 4.3. ClANO total expenditures per scientist and per experiment 84 4.4. Wheat research shares of total ClANO expenditures 86 4.5. Wheat share of total agricultural product and of agricultural research expenditures 88 4.6. Research expenditures as percent of production value 89 5.1. Relationship between average recommended and average applied nitrogen levels, 1981 and 1989 107 5B.1. Payoff to different phosphorus use strategies 136 58.2. Value of soil test information under different test accuracy assumptions 137 50.3. I so-expected revenue curves 139 vil Figure Page 6.1 Effect of change In planting method on weed density 6.2 Relationship between yield and weed control expenditures 6.3. Actuàl and projected aggregate adoption of planting In beds 167 7.1. Benefit and cost streams under base model assumptions 176 7.2. Net benefit streams under alternative extension assumptions 178 7.3. Net benefit streams under alternative IPM assumptions 180 7.4. Net benefit streams under alternative surco diffusion assumptions 182 7.5. Net benefit streams under alternative surco cost savings assumptions 184 7.6. Net benefit streams assuming maintenance research costs 185 viii LIST OF TABLES Tab Ie Page 3.1. Percentage of area by variety-Yaqul Valley 63 3.2. Land holdings by type of land tenure 65 4/1. CIANO scientists by discipline and crop 72a 4.2. Number of technical reports In selected research program areas: all crops 77 4.3. Number of technical reports in selected research programs: wheat only 78 4.4. Wheat CMR as share of total experiments in se 1ected program areas and wheat CMR experiments as share of total experiments conducted 79 4.5. CIANO total expenditures 1977-1988 81a 4.6. CIANO wheat research expenditures 1977-1988 82a 5.1. Summary of changes in recommendations 96 5.2. Indicators for tests of changes In management practices 101 5.3. Proportion of producers performing subsolling in clay soils by survey year 105 5.4. Nitrogen use (kg/ha): descriptive statistics and statistical test results 106 5.5. Planting date (days after Nov. 1): descriptive statistics and statistical test results 109 5.6. Average phosphorus dose (kg/ha): full sample average among those that applied phosphorus 111 Echeverria, R. G.