Abstract. House dust mites are the most found allergens in homes scattered throughout the world that associated with allergic manifestations in the respiratory tract and skin, such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. The most common house dust mite is from the family Pyroglyphidae, four of which have a close relationship with the incidence of allergy: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides microceras, and Euroglyphus maynei. This study aims to determine the type and density of house dust mites in several habitats in the homes of people with allergic diseases. This study is a descriptive study using cross-sectional method. Samples were dust in allergic patient’s home in Malalayang I, taken from three habitats, namely bed (mattress and bed linen), bedrooms floor and sofa, as many as 96 samples. Of the 96 samples, there are 60 samples positive of dust mites and 36 negative samples. This study found 157 mites (124 adults and 33 larvae mites). Of the 124 adult mites were identified, there are 122 from order Astigmata with the dominant species is Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and two others of the order Prostigmata. In each habitat that is in the bed (mattress and bed linen), bedrooms floor and sofa, Pyroglyphidae is the most prevalent.Keywords: house dust mite, allergiesAbstrak. Tungau debu rumah (TDR) adalah alergen dalam rumah terbanyak yang tersebar di seluruh dunia yang dikaitkan dengan manifestasi alergi pada saluran pernapasan dan kulit, seperti asma bronkial, rinitis alergi dan dermatitis atopik. TDR yang paling sering ditemukan adalah dari famili Pyroglyphidae, empat di antaranya memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan kejadian alergi: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides microceras, dan Euroglyphus maynei. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan kepadatan tungau debu rumah pada beberapa habitat di rumah penderita penyakit alergi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah debu di rumah penderita alergi di Kelurahan Malalayang I yang diambil dari 3 habitat, yaitu tempat tidur (kasur dan sprei), lantai kamar tidur, dan sofa sebanyak 96 sampel. Dari 96 sampel, 60 sampel positif tungau debu dan 36 sampel negatif. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan 157 tungau (124 tungau dewasa dan 33 larva). Dari 124 tungau dewasa yang terindentifikasi, dari ordo Astigmata sebanyak 122 dengan spesies yang dominan adalah Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dan dua lainnya dari ordo Prostigmata. Pada masing-masing habitat yaitu di tempat tidur (kasur dan sprei), lantai kamar tidur dan sofa, famili Pyroglyphidae paling banyak ditemukan.Kata kunci: tungau debu rumah, alergi
In Indonesia there are two vectors are known, the main vector Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus as a potential vector, Aedes spp mosquito breeding varies but generally prefer clear water reservoirs. Eggs Aedes spp mosquitoes can hatch in the sewage, although not known survival and growth of larvae into pupae and adult mosquitoes. Objective: To determine the survival and growth of Aedes spp in various types of water breeding. Methods: Four types of breeding water taken directly from the settlement, and immediately used. Eggs Aedes spp laboratory strains incubated in water media. Larvae reared until the age of 4 days. A sample of 25 healthy larvae included six types of breeding water. The number of surviving larvae, pupae and adult mosquitoes be observed and counted every day for 15 days. Data security and growth of larvae processed manually in the form of percentages and graphs. Results: Aedes spp shown to survive in water dug wells (SGL), sewage water (sewer), as well as tap water. The presence of mosquitoes living in the sewer water can last up to 15 days with the same amount of mosquitoes from the first day until the last day. This phenomenon is different in the SGL and PAM water where mosquitoes can survive until day 15, although with a small percentage. Aedes spp proved unable to survive in wastewater soap. Conclusion: Water drains were left in place and clear become breeding places for Aedes spp good to note that its presence in the cleaning mosquito breeding. Keywords: The larvae of Aedes spp, life, death, pupa, adult mosquitoes, breeding water. Abstrak: Di Indonesia dikenal ada dua vektor, vektor utama nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus sebagaivektor potensial, perindukan nyamuk Aedes spp sangat bervariasi tetapi umumnya lebih menyukai tempat penampungan air jernih. Telur Aedes sppdapat menetas pada air comberan,meskipun belum diketahui ketahanan hidup dan pertumbuhan larva menjadi pupa dan nyamuk dewasa. Tujuan: mengetahui ketahanan hidup dan pertumbuhan nyamuk Aedes spp pada berbagai jenis air perindukan. Metode: Empat jenis air perindukan diambil secara langsung dari pemukiman penduduk dan langsung digunakan. Telur Aedes spp strain laboratorium ditetaskan pada media air bersih. Larva dipelihara hingga berumur 4 hari. Sampel sebanyak 25 ekor larva sehat dimasukkan ke enam jenis air perindukan. Jumlah larva yang bertahan hidup, menjadi pupa dan nyamuk dewasa diamati dan dihitung setiap hari selama 15 hari. Data ketahanan dan pertumbuhan larva diolah secara manual dalam bentuk persentase dan grafik. Hasil: Nyamuk Aedes spp terbukti dapat bertahan hidup pada air sumur gali (SGL), air comberan (got), serta air PAM. Keberadaan nyamuk hidup pada air got mampu bertahan sampai 15 hari dengan jumlah nyamuk yang sama dari hari pertama sampai hari terakhir. Fenomena ini berbeda pada air SGL dan PAM dimana nyamuk mampu bertahan sampai hari ke-15 meskipun dengan persentase kecil. Nyamuk Aedes spp terbukti tidak dapat bertahan hidup pada air limbah sabun. Simpulan: Air got yang didiamkan dan jernih menjadi tempat perindukan yang baik bagi Aedes spp sehingga keberadaannya perlu diperhatikan dalam pembersihan sarang nyamuk. Kata kunci: Larva Aedes spp, hidup, mati, pupa, nyamuk dewasa, air perindukan.
House dust mites are distributed all over the world, including Indonesia. Inside the house, house dust mites can be found on the pillow, home furniture, carpets, clothing, etc. House dust mites can also be found outside such as in bird nests, mammal skin surfaces and other animals. House dust mites population depends on many factors inter alia temperature and humidity. This study aimed to determine the species and density of house dust mites in Malalayang 1, Manado. This was a descriptive survey study with a cross sectional design. The results showed that the species of house dust mites in Malalayang 1 were Dermatophagoides spp., Glycyphagus destructor, Acarus spp, Cheyletus spp, and Tarsonemus spp. House dust mites were more common in the living rooms than the bedrooms. House dust mite average density in the bedrooms was 1.9 and in the living rooms 1.8. Conclusion: In Malalayang 1 Manado, there were 5 types of house dust mites: Dermatophagoides spp., Glycyphagus destructor, Acarus spp, Cheyletus spp, and Tarsonemus spp. The most commonly found species was Dermatophagoides spp. House dust mite density was higher in the bedrooms than in the living rooms.Keywords: density, species, house dust mitesAbstrak: Tungau Debu Rumah (TDR) tersebar di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Di dalam rumah TDR ditemukan di bantal, perabotan rumah tangga, celah karpet, pakaian, dll. Di luar rumah, TDR juga dapat ditemukan misalnya pada sarang burung, permukaan kulit mamalia dan binatang lainnya. Banyaknya populasi TDR tergantung pada faktor suhu dan kelembaban udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan kepadatan TDR yang ditemukan di kelurahan Malalayang 1 Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode surve deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis TDR di Kelurahan Malalayang 1 yaitu Dermatophagoides spp. Glycyphagus destructor, Acarus spp, Cheyletus spp, dan Tarsonemus spp. Di ruang keluarga lebih banyak ditemukan TDR dibandingkan dengan ruang tidur. Kepadatan rata-rata TDR pada ruang tidur 1,9 sedangkan di ruang keluarga 1,8. Simpulan: Di Kelurahan Malalayang 1 ditemukan TDR jenis Dermatophagoides spp. Glycyphagus destructor, Acarus spp, Cheyletus spp, dan Tarsonemus spp, yang terbanyak ialah jenis Dermatophagiodes spp. Kepadatan TDR lebih tinggi di ruang tidur dibandingkan dengan ruang keluarga.Kata kunci: kepadatan, jenis, tungau debu rumah.
Mites have an important role as a source of allergens in allergic diseases such as asthma, rhinitis, and other atopic diseases. House dust mites (HDMs) are found mainly in the bed, carpet, and floor. HDMs have an important role as the source of house dust allergens. It is important to identify the types of HDMs in an area to determine the nature of HDM allergens. This study aimed to determine the types and density of HDMs in the Malalayang Dua Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Samples of dust were collected from houses at Malalayang Dua by simple random sampling method. Of 96 samples of house dust, there were 82 positive mite and 14 negative mite samples. A total of 216 mites were obtained in samples of HDMs. The most abundant was Pyroglyphidae family (107 mites), followed by Glycyphagidae (51 mites) dan Cheyletidae (6 mites) families. The densities of HDMs were di 36.92 mites/g dust on beds, 15.94 mites/g dust on the sofas, and 11.41 mites/g dust on the bedroom floors with an average 21.42 mites/g dust. Conclusion: In Malalayang Dua, there were 3 types of house dust mites as follows: Pyroglyphidae (the most), Glycyphagidae, and Cheyletidae families. The highest density of house dust mites was in the dust on beds meanwhile the lowest one was in the dust on bedroom floors.Keywords: types, density, house dust mitesAbstrak: Tungau memiliki peranan sebagai sumber alergen penting pada penyakit alergi seperti asma, rinitis, dan penyakit atopik lainnya. Tungau debu rumah (TDR) ditemukan terutama di tempat tidur, karpet, dan lantai dan berperan sebagai sumber alergen debu rumah. Identifikasi jenis TDR di suatu wilayah diperlukan untuk mengetahui sifat alergen TDR di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan kepadatan TDR di Kelurahan Malalayang Dua Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian berupa debu dikumpulkan dari rumah-rumah penduduk dengan menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Dari 96 sampel debu rumah pada penelitian ini didapatkan 82 sampel positif tungau dan 14 negatif. Sebanyak 216 tungau didapatkan dari sampel debu rumah dengan jenis tungau terbanyak berasal dari famili Pyroglyphidae (107 tungau), diikuti famili Glycyphagidae (51 tungau) dan famili Cheyletidae (6 tungau). Kepadatan TDR di tempat tidur 36,92 tungau/g debu, di sofa 15,94 tungau/g debu, dan di lantai kamar tidur 11,41 tungau/g debu dengan rerata 21,42 tungau/g debu. Simpulan: Dari hasil penelitian di Kelurahan Malalayang Dua didapatkan 3 jenis tungau yaitu famili Pyroglyphidae (terbanyak), famili Glycyphagidae dan famili Cheyletidae. Tingkat kepadatan TDR tertinggi pada sampel debu tempat tidur dan terendah di lantai kamar tidur.Kata kunci: jenis, kepadatan, tungau debu rumah
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