Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder that affects oral health; there are no data in Uruguay. Objective: To compare the oral health status of diabetic and non-diabetic children. Method: Observational, analytical case-control study where 86 children were evaluated and divided into two groups: DM1 Group, diabetic children aged 8-12 who go to Pereira Rossell Hospital Center without other systemic diseases and with no orthodontic treatment; Control group (CG): non-diabetic children in the same age group with public health care coverage, non-medicated and without orthodontic treatment. Variables: biofilm, dental caries, gingival bleeding. Results: Biofilm was present in all subjects. O'Leary Index: DM1=71.48 and CG=89.81. Bleeding on probing: DM1=76.7% and CG=60.7% (GBI averages are 5.57 and 2.36 respectively and GBI mean: DM1=3.65 and CG=1.04. Caries: DM1=40.0% and CG=28.6% (DMFT average: DM1=1.223 and CG=1.0357). Conclusions:We found significant statistical differences in bleeding index between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects (Mann & Whitney test) but not in the caries variables. These results allow for a comparison with international studies.
La Diabetes Mellitus es una enfermedad crónica con repercusiones bucales; no existen datos en Uruguay. Objetivo: Determinar si el estado de salud bucal de los niños con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 es significativamente diferente a los niños sin diabetes. Método: Estudio caso-control, observacional y analítico. Se evaluaron 86 niños en dos grupos: DM1) diabéticos tipo 1, asisten al Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, sin otra enfermedad sistémica asociada ni tratamiento ortodóncico; Control) no diabéticos, concurren a escuela pública, no toman medicación, no cuentan con ortodoncia y se asisten en servicios públicos. Variables: biofilm; caries dental; inflamación gingival; sexo; edad. Resultados: Biofilm: presente en 100% de DM1 y Control. Caries: DM1) 100% presenta alguna lesión cariosa y 92,9% en control (diferencia no significativa). Inflamación gingival: DM1) 76,7% sangrado al sondaje y 60.7% en Control (diferencia significativa). Conclusiones: Confirma datos internacionales sobre la relación significativa entre Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 y enfermedad periodontal.
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