Breast cancer in women in both developed and developing countries is the most common cancer, and remains a major public health problem. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional studies and only highquality studies were included. The searched databases were: Pub Med (2008-2020), Google scholar (2008-2020) and science direct (20082020). The key terms searched were ultrasound imaging, Breast solid mass or lesions, papillary lesions, Fibro-adenoma, breast cancer. Using these key terms, researchers found total 101 studies from the above-mentioned databases. Among these researchers found 56 studies from Google scholars, 11 from science direct and 34 from Pub Med. After this, researchers separated the relevant and irrelevant data. Results: Table 1 shows the Descriptive results of age from 12 studies, 17641 individuals. The mean age was 46.14697 SD 10.56736. The mean Sensitivity was 91.0200 and mean specificity was 89.35. The pooled results of 8 studies and 2612 individuals, out of 2612 individuals we found 1220 (46.71) benign lesions and 1392 (53.29%) malignant lesions are also shown. Conclusions: In conclusion, Ultrasound can differentiate benign and malignant breast lesions to great extent. This technique has the potential ability to altering the handling of cases in where a biopsy may be recommended, but the risk of carcinoma is known to be relatively low. Ultrasound accuracy is recommended as the first option for follow-up examinations of lesions because of its high sensitivity and ability to detect lesions outside of breast density.
Infertility is very common social, economic and medical problem. There are various cause of infertility, adnexal masses and endometrial thickness play a vital role among them if we find out relation between adnexal mass, endometrial thickness and infertility so we will be able to overcome this problem to great cause. Objectives: To determine the Sonographic co-relation between Adnexal Masses and Endometrial Thickness in Infertile Females Methods: This Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Gilani Ultrasound Center, Lahore, Jamiat Hospital and Green town clinic The University of Lahore. Study duration was 9 months. Sample size was 150 patients. Sampling technique used was convenient sampling. All Infertile Females with adnexal mass, age of 18-45 were included in study. Male with infertility were excluded. Ultrasound machine Toshiba xerio with convex transducer frequency range 2.5 to 5 MHz was used. Results: Out of 150 patients the mean age was 32 6.33, ± minimum age was 18 and maximum age was 45. The mean endometrial thickness was 0.78mm with standard deviation 0.29, minimum endometrial thickness was .10 cm, maximum endometrial thickness was 1.69 cm. Out of 150 patient's primary infertility was 30% with frequency of 45, and secondary infertility was 70% with frequency of 105. The chi-square test was used between adnexal mass and endometrial thickness shows that there is significant association because them. Conclusions: Study concluded that there was significant corelation between adnexal masses and endometrial thickness in Infertile Females. Ovaries should not neglected in infertility treatment because they play important role with respect to endometrium. The removal of adnexal masses can improve infertility rate.
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