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La aspiración de un cuerpo extraño (CE) a la vía aérea en pediatría es un accidente frecuente, presenta importante morbimortalidad, por lo que requiere un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. El diagnóstico usualmente se establece mediante hallazgos clínicos, siendo los más frecuentes tos, sindrome de penetración, y con menor frecuencia dificultad respiratoria, estridor, sibilancias unilaterales. La radiografía de tórax puede ser normal o alterada, mostrando hiperinsuflación unilateral, atelectasia u otros signos. La mayoría de los CE son radiotransparentes. Durante la fase aguda debe practicarse la maniobra de Heimlich, en cambio en la fase crónica el diagnóstico y tratamiento definitivo se hace mediante broncoscopía. La prevención es fundamental evitando que niños menores manipulen objetos pequeños, advertir el riesgo de asfixia por aspiración en los envases de alimentos riesgosos y de juguetes de pequeño tamaño. El pronóstico es bueno si la extracción del cuerpo extraño es precoz y completa.

Six minute walk test in children with post-infectious obliterans bronchiolitis. Its relation with spirometry Post infectious obliterans bronchiolitis (OB) causes persistent pulmonary function impairment and could affect patient ability to perform exercise. Six minute-walk test (6MWT) is a useful tool to study these aspects. Objective: Children with OB were evaluated with spirometry and 6MWT and the relationship between spirometrics measurements and 6MWT were determined. Twenty-seven children with OB were studied with a base line spirometry and 6MWT. Correlation between spirometry and 6MWT: covered distance, Borg index (BI), oxygen saturation (O 2 S) and heart rate (HR), were carried out using Rho of Spearman with SPSS 11.5. There was not relation between the covered distance and spirometrics values; only FVC correlates with final O2S (rho = 0.4; p = 0.02). The other spirometrics variables correlates with BI, O 2 S and HR; Interestingly FEV 1 correlates with: BI (rho =-0.7; p < 0.01), O 2 S (rho = 0.5; p < 0.01) and HR (rho =-0.5; p < 0.01). BI was significant related to FEV1/FVC (rho =-0.7; p < 0.01) and FEF25-75 (rho =-0.8; p < 0.01). Airflow obstruction, especifically a low FEV 1 , is related with a high BI and HR; and also with a lower O 2 S at the end of 6MWT. Increase of BI is the change most related with airflow obstruction.

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