Bedside sonography and color Doppler sonography of the brain and abdominal organs can provide reliable and comprehensive information in asphyxiated neonates with hypoxic-ischemic injury. This article, which includes pathologic correlation, illustrates the major sonographic findings in this critical population.

In infants receiving therapeutic hypothermia, a high prevalence of intestinal involvement was noted by using ultrasonographic assessment. An association between intestinal findings and severity of hypoxic-ischemic insult was observed. The presence of sloughed mucosa is a potential ultrasonographic sign of severity.

Increased perfusion intensity of the basal ganglia area within the first 48 of therapeutic hypothermia treatment was associated with poor outcome in neonates with HIE.