Skills mismatch in the labour market describes the fact that levels or types of skills of individuals are inadequate in view of particular job requirements. There exists no accepted unified theory of skills mismatch. The overeducation literature, inspired by several classical theoretical frameworks (human capital theory, job competition, and assignment models), attempts to define and measure the incidence of the phenomenon, but often understates the heterogeneity of both jobs and manpower. Some authors have tried to make up for this deficit by focusing on specific groups or individual abilities. By contrast, a competence approach places the observed no-causality relationship between training and occupation at the centre of its analysis, rather than considering it as a market imperfection. By doing so, it provides an alternative way of conceptualising skills mismatch, and promisingly challenges the normative assumptions and current applications of the classical frameworks. Key words: labour market; mismatch; skills; competences; overeducation.
Resumen. Análisis del desajuste de competencias en el mercado laboral: un estado de la cuestiónEl desajuste de competencias en el mercado de trabajo describe el hecho de que el nivel y/o el tipo de formación de los individuos no se adecuan a aquellos que requieren sus puestos de trabajo. A pesar de que la literatura de la sobreeducación, inspirada en los marcos teóricos clásicos (básicamente la teoría del capital humano), intenta definir y medir la incidencia del desajuste, no existe una teoría unificada sobre dicho fenómeno. Sin embargo, estos análisis omiten a menudo la heterogeneidad, tanto de los puestos de trabajo como de la Guillem Sala propia mano de obra. Algunos autores se han enfrentado a este vacío desde distintas perspectivas (grupos específicos, habilidades individuales, etc.). Más allá, un enfoque basado en competencias sitúa la relación no causal observada entre formación y empleo en el centro de su análisis, más que considerarla como una imperfección del mercado. Así, ofrece una vía alternativa para conceptualizar el desajuste de competencias y cuestiona los supuestos normativos que subyacen en las perspectivas clásicas.
Our study shows that the NH3L open method is reproducible and stable, providing values which correlate with those obtained by the traditional method. The ability to reduce the alarm > ABS by more than 95% thanks to lower background absorbance values makes this method reliable, avoiding re-testing or the need for sample dilutions.
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