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The effects of ring substitution on the color stability of a group of 14 synthetic 3-deoxyanthocyanidins have been studied. In acid solution (pH 2.8), none of the synthetic analogues prepared show significant advantages in overall performance over the naturally occurring apigeninidin (2). At pH 7.0, however, the presence of a carboxylate group at C4 results in unusually stable colorants.The anthocyanins are naturally occurring red pigments having the basic structure 1 (Timberlake and Bridle, 1975, R .