nır (2). Tanısal ve tedavi yaklaşımında kolaylık sağlanması amacıyla kolestaz intrahepatik ve ekstrahepatik olmak üzere iki ana grupta değerlendirilir. İntrahepatik kolestaz, hepatoselüler disfonksiyon ve intrahepatik safra yollarının obstrüksiyonlarına sekonder olarak gelişirken, ekstrahepatik kolestaz ise ana safra yollarında safra akımına engel olan patolojiler sonucunda gelişmektedir (3). Tüm has-GİRİŞ Kolestaz, terim olarak Yunanca kökenlidir ve safra akışının durması anlamına gelir (1). Safranın oluşumu ve atılımı hayati bir fonksiyondur. İlaçlar, enfeksiyonlar, otoimmün, metabolik ve genetik hastalıklar neticesinde safranın oluşumunda ve/veya safra akımındaki bozukluk sonucunda gelişen kaşıntı, halsizlik ve genelde eşlik eden sarılık ile karakterize klinik tablo kolestaz olarak tanımla-Background and Aims: In this study, we aimed to analyze the etiology of cholestasis in a large geriatric patient population according to their complaints, laboratory parameters, and imaging results. Materials and methods: A total of 185 geriatric patients (age: > 65 years) with cholestasis were included in this retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups, i.e., benign etiology and malignant etiology, in order to further analyze parameters that could indicate malignancy. Results: A total of 109 (58.9%) patients had benign etiologies and 69 (37.3%) had malignant etiologies. The most common etiologies were choledocholithiasis [56 patients (30.3%)], cholangiocellular carcinoma [25 patients (13.5%)], and pancreatic cancer [23 patients (12.4%)]. The chief complaint was abdominal pain. In patients with jaundice, benign diseases accounted for approximately 45.6% of etiologies, whereas malignant diseases accounted for approximately 54.4% of etiologies. In patients with weight loss, benign diseases accounted for approximately 6.2% of etiologies, whereas malignant diseases accounted for approximately 93.8% of etiologies. In addition, both conditions were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were independent markers for malignant diseases. Ultrasonography correctly diagnosed only 46% of patients. Conclusion: Benign etiologies are the most frequent diagnosis for the management of cholestasis in the geriatric population. In patients with complaints of jaundice and weight loss and/or patients with high bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels, malignant diseases should be a priority in the differential diagnosis. Ultrasonography was inadequate in diagnosing cholestasis in the geriatric population, and further imaging studies are needed.

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Şahintürk Y, Taşkoparan M, Uyar S, et. al. The current status in gastric cancer: localization, pathology, and age. Endoscopy Gastrointestinal 2016;24:61-64. kanserlerin yaklaşık %50'sinin kardiya ya da fundus kaynaklı olduğu bildirilmiştir (3).Çalışmalarda PGK'nın distal gastrik kansere (DGK) göre daha kötü prognoza sahip olduğu gösterilmiş ve bu durum PGK'nin farklı klinik ve biyolojik davranış göstermesine bağlanmıştır (4). Özellikle obezitenin (3,5) ve sigara kullanımının (6,7) GİRİŞMide kanseri kanser nedenli ölümler arasında ikinci sıradadır. Gelişmiş ülkelerde son yıllarda sıklığı azalma eğilimi gösterse de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ve mide kanserinin endemik olduğu ülkelerde görülme sıklığı artmaktadır. Son 30 yılda yapılan bir çok çalışmada proksimal gastrik kanser (PGK) insidansında artış olduğu bildirilmiştir (1,2). Amerikan ulusal kanser verileri de bu durumu destekler niteliktedir ve gastrik Background and Aims: Gastric cancer is the second most common cancer-related cause of death throughout the world. It is reported that in recent years, proximal gastric cancer cases have increased, and distal gastric cancer cases have decreased in western countries. We searched for the newly-diagnosed gastric cancer cases between 2010 and 2015 in order to determine the localization, pathology, and age status of the patients. Materials and Methods: Gastric cancer cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 in the Antalya Training and Research Hospital and the Ankara Güven Hospital were retrospectively evaluated. A total of 203 patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the year of diagnosis, the first group being diagnosed between 2010 and 2013 and the second one, between 2013 and 2016. These two groups were compared according to the localization and pathology of the tumor and the age of the patients. Results: From the total, 126 (62.1%) patients were male, and 77 (37.9%) were female. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean age of the male and female patients (p > 0.05). A total of 203 patients were studied and 68 (33.5%) were diagnosed as having proximal and 135 (66.5%) as having distal gastric cancer.[Editor1][J2] Proximal gastric cancer cases were more frequent in the second group, but this was not statistically significant. The age and sex showed no difference according to the localization of the gastric cancer (p > 0.05). 154 (75%) adenocancer, 25 (12%) carcinoid tumor, 15 (8%) lymphoma, and 9 (5%) stromal tumor cases were detected. Carcinoid tumor cases were more frequent in the second group, but this was not statistically significant. The age and sex showed no difference according to the pathological type of the gastric cancer (p > 0.05). The rate of stomach cancer under the age of 45 constituted 13.5% of all of the patients. Conclusion: Gastric cancer is mostly seen in the corpus, then in the antrum, and least in the cardia. Our results are inconsistent with the recent studies showing a proximal gastric cancer dominancy, but we showed ...