Introduction: COVID-19 infection is diagnosed by RT-PCR. In this test results interpreted according to the cycle threshold (Ct) values, provide indirect measurements of viral load. In this study we aimed to the evalaute the relationship between Ct values and demographics and sypmtoms of patients. Material and Methods: The nasopharyngeal swab of the patients suspected with COVID-19 were collected and tested by RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. Demographics, medical history, timelines for exposure and symptoms of the patients diagnosed as COVID-19 by RT-PCRwere obtained from the hospital information system. Results: Total of 619 patient result was enrolled in the study. Ct values were determined as 24.74 (20.95-27.64) for 18> years-old and 22.85 (20.14-26.22) ≥18 years-old, there was no statistically difference according to the age among Ct values. Hypertension was the most common comorbid disease (13.3%) among COVID-19 patients. A positive correlation was detected among the onset of the symptoms and Ct values, Ct values were lowest (corresponding to a higher viral RNA concentration) soon after symptom onset. Patients who had fever, headache, muscle-joint pain significantly had lower Ct values were than patients who did not have these sypmtoms. Conclusion: It is important to early testing for SARS-CoV-2 among persons who have respiratory symptoms, and isolation of them when their viral load and transmission rate is higher.
Amaç Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, hastanemizde çeşitli kliniklerde tedavi görmekte olan hastaların kan kültürlerinden izole edilen nonfermentatif Gram negatif bakterileri tanımlamak, antimikrobiyal direnç pro llerini incelemektir. Yöntem Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına Haziran 2016 -Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında gönderilen kan kültürleri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Kan kültürleri BacT/Alert (BioMerieux, Fransa) otomatize sistemi ile çalışıldı. Üreyen mikroorganizmaların tanımlanması Vitek MS (BioMérieux, Fransa) cihazı ile antibiyotik duyarlılıkları Mueller-Hinton (BioMérieux, Fransa) agarda disk difüzyon yöntemi ve Vitek2 Compakt (BioMerieux, Fransa) otomatize sistemi ile belirlendi. Antibiyotik duyarlılık oranları EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing) kriterlerine göre değerlendirildi. Bulgular Laboratuvarımızda 3 yıllık sürede kan kültürlerinden 668 nonfermentatif bakteri izole edildi. İzole edilen mikroorganizmaların 299'u (%45) Acinetobacter spp. ve bunların 270'i Acinetobacter baumannii olarak tespit edildi. Örneklerden 189' u (%28) Pseudomonas spp. ve bunların 164'ü Pseudomonas aeruginosa olarak tespit edildi. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ise 42 (%6) örnekten izole edilirken, geriye kalan 138(%21) izolatı diğer nonfermentatif bakteriler oluşturmaktadır. Acinetobacter türlerinde en yüksek direnç oranları levo oksasin ve sipro oksasine karşı %76 olarak saptanmıştır. Pseudomonas türlerinde ise en yüksek direnç oranı piperasiline karşı %32 olarak saptanmıştır. S. maltophilia izolatlarının hepsi trimetoprim/ sülfometoksazol' e duyarlı saptanmıştır. Sonuç Hastanemizde elde ettiğimiz kan kültürlerindeki nonfermentatif bakterilerin antibiyotik direnç sonuçları, gelecek yıllarda oluşacak antimikrobiyal direnç paternlerine ışık tutması bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Kan dolaşımı enfeksiyonu etkenlerinin ve duyarlılık testlerinin devamlı olarak takip edilerek etkin tedavi protokollerinin uygulanması gerekmektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler Nonfermentat f bakter , ant b yot k d renc , kan kültürü Abstravt Objective A m of th s study s to dent fy nonfermentat ve Gram-negat ve bacter a solated from blood cultures of pat ents undergo ng treatment n var ous cl n cs n our hosp tal,to exam ne ant m crob al res stance prof les Methods June 2016 -June 2019 blood cultures sent to the M crob ology Laboratory were retrospect vely evaluated. Blood cultures were tested n BacT/Alert (B oMer eux, France) automated system of. Ident f cat on of growth m croorgan sms were tested n V tek MS (B oMér eux, France) automated system and ant b ot c sens t v ty determ ned on Mueller -H nton (B oMér eux, France) agar by d sk d us on method and V tek2 Compakt (B oMer eux, France) automated system. Ant b ot c suscept b l ty rates were evaluated accord ng to EUCAST (European Comm ttee on Ant m crob al Suscept b l ty Test ng) cr ter a.Results Over a per od of 3 years, 668 nonfermentat ve bacter a were solated from blood cultures. e 299 (45%) of the m croorgan sms solated are Ac netobacter spp. and 270 of them were dent...
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