Throughout history, people have used cosmetic products to flourish, to be well-groomed, to remove bad odors and to change part of their appearance. Initially people used aromatic plants, oils, various plant extracts and dyes. With the development of technology, they have started to use products that have been removed from naturalness and whose durability and usage time have been increased with chemicals. The increase in the variety of cosmetic products has increased the exposure of people to chemical products. People usually take chemicals from cosmetics into their bodies through the skin however, they sometimes take by mouth and inhalation. For the harmful effects of a chemical substance, it is important to know what period of life it is used, how long it is used and how much it is used, its interaction with other substances and the duration of its stay in the body. The most risky period in the use of cosmetic products is pregnancy, newborn and adolescent periods. During these periods, the use of cosmetic products is continuous and if the chemicals in it rise above a certain threshold value, it may adversely affect the health of the individual during pregnancy, fetus, newborn and adolescence. Chemicals in cosmetic products can cause abortion, stillbirth, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, congenital defects, preterm labor, some cancers, infertility in women and men, delayed puberty, endocrine system disorders and some systemic diseases. Until the effect of cosmetic products on pregnant, fetus and newborn health is proved to be harmless, any cosmetic product should be approached with suspicion and should not be used unless necessary. Further studies should be conducted to establish evidence levels. Health professionals should raise public awareness of the use of cosmetic products during pregnancy. In this review, it is aimed to draw attention to the effects of some chemicals in cosmetic products on pregnant, fetus and newborn health.
Bu çalışmanın amacı primipar gebelerde algılanan dog um korkusunun prenatal bag lanmaya etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırma; Erzurum'daki bir kadın dog um hastanesine Aralık 2016-Nisan 2017 tarihleri arasında başvuran 28-40 gebelik haftası aralıg ında olan prenatal kontrolleri sırasında NST poliklinig ine gelen ve araştırmaya katılabilme kriterlerini taşıyan 251 primipar gebe ile yu ru tu lmu ştu r. Veriler; kişisel bilgi formu, Dog um Tutum Ö lçeg i (DTÖ ) ve Prenatal Bag lanma Envanteri (PBE) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin deg erlendirilmesinde; tanımlayıcı istatistikler, t testi, Kruskal Wallis testi, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi ve varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Gebelerin %53.0'ı 19-23 yaş arasında, % 72.5'i ilde yaşamakta, %52.6'sı ilko g retim mezunu, % 85.7'si herhangi bir işte çalışmamakta, %70.1'i çekirdek aile yapısına sahip, % 80.1'inin ekonomik du zeyi gelir gidere eşittir. %62.5'inin evlilik su resi 1 yıl ve altı, % 81.7'sinin gebelig i planlı, %35.5'inin gebelik haftası 32-35 gebelik haftaları arasındadır, %56.6'sının bebeg inin cinsiyeti erkek, %72.5'inin ise gebelikte herhangi bir eg itim almadıg ı belirlenmiştir. DTÖ 'den aldıkları toplam puan ortalaması 43.63±10.06 ve PBE'den aldıkları toplam puan ortalaması 42.43±10.39 olarak bulunmuştur. Ö lçeklerden alınan toplam puan ortalamaları ortancanın biraz u zerindedir. DTÖ ile PBE puan ortalamaları arasında ilişki incelendig inde; gebelerde algılanan dog um korkusu ile prenatal bag lanma arasında ilişki saptanmamıştır. Algılanan dog um korkusunun prenatal bag lanma du zeyini etkilemedig i belirlenmiştir.
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