Purpose: To analyse demographic data, clinical presentation, intervention and management of Post COVID 19 Rhino- orbito-cerebral- mucormycosis (ROCM) thus improving the knowledge about the disease to provide timely and optimal care for favorable outcome. Method: A retrospective interventional study was conducted on 254 patients admitted in Mucor ward over a duration of 2 months (1st May 2021- 30th June 2021). Demographic data, detailed history, clinical parameters, diagnostic procedures, management and outcome were noted. Factors affecting outcome and mortality were analysed. Results: Mean age of presentation was 50.14 ±13.38 years with male preponderance (64.56%). 55.91% patients presented with ROCM symptoms within 14 days of onset of COVID -19 symptoms. 86% patients were diabetics, 76% had history of corticosteroid use and 27.55% received oxygen therapy. 40 % patients presented with orbital edema as primary symptom. Imaging revealed 28.34% patients had disease limited to the paranasal sinuses (PNS), 56.69% had orbit and PNS involvement and 12.99% had PNS, orbit and CNS involvement. All the patients were treated with Liposomal Amphotericin B and sinus debridement. Eighteen eyes underwent (7.08%) exenteration and 82 patients received Transcutaneous retrobulbar Amphotericin-B. At the time of discharge the final outcome of being alive and having stable disease was found to be significant in stage 2 patients with involvement of PNS and orbit. Conclusion: Awareness of red flag symptoms and signs, high index of clinical suspicion, prompt diagnosis, and early initiation of treatment with Amphotericin B, aggressive surgical debridement of the PNS, and orbital exenteration, where indicated, are essential for successful outcome.

To evaluate the effect of platelet rich plasma as treatment modality in various etiologies of dry eye. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted at a tertiary eye care hospital on 65 eyes of 40 patients for a duration of three years, who presented with the complaints of dry eye due to various etiologies. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) was made from the patient's serum and they were advised to be instilled in topical eyedrop form six times a day. Results: The study included 29 men and 11 women. The mean age was 40yrs (34.45±15.17), range 10 -60 years. Dry eye symptoms like burning sensation, itching, dryness, blurred vision and redness were studied and were found to be significantly reduced (p=0.0001)post treatment with PRP after one month. The improvement in symptoms was most likely due to indirect reduction of inflammation. Around 30.7% eyes had improvement in visual acuity of atleast one line. The Schirmer's test also showed improvement with Schirmer values before treatment being 5.34mm± 2.18 mm to 15.90 mm±7.75mm after treatment. Around 46.87% right eye and 39.9% left eye also had improvement with tear break up time more than 10 sec. Conclusion:The use of PRP eye drops for the treatment of various etiologies of dry eye was shown to be effective in reducing the symptoms of dry eye without any significant complications.

No abstract

Kissing nevus or divided nevus is a rare form of congenital nevus that usually occurs on adjacent parts of the upper and lower eyelids of one eye. Most often, the formation is present since birth, but it may also appear later during the course of life. We are reporting a case of kissing nevus of eyelids in 27 year old female present since birth and treated by microdissection radiofrequency ablation (MRA) over a period of 4 months in 2 sittings and patient was followed up regularly on OPD basis. It showed good cosmetic results without any structural and functional impairment. With the advantage of simplicity, precision and effectiveness, radiofrequency ablation can be used to treat kissing nevus with good cosmetic results and skin grafting can be avoided.

We are reporting a case of a 45 years old male who presented to the outpatient department of Ophthalmology with complaints of sudden onset watering and foreign body sensation in the right eye. Detailed slit lamp examination revealed an elevated pigmented lesion of the conjunctiva in the nasal quadrant extending up to 2 clock hours. Excision biopsy was done and histopathological examination found the lesion to be moderate grade dysplastic conjunctival PAM. Conclusions and importance: Primary acquired melanosis (PAM) is an acquired disorder of the conjunctiva characterized by a flat brown pigmentation of the conjunctival epithelium. It may be analogous to lentigo maligna -a preinvasive epidermal pigmentation of skin. It presents as a unilateral patchy area of conjunctival pigmentation mostly seen in middle aged or elderly light skinned individuals with a potential for malignant transformation.