Radiographers are responsible for administering radiation doses according to the principle of As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA), to optimize the use of CT parameters to produce good image quality by minimizing radiation doses. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mAs parameters on image quality and radiation dose received by pediatric CT head examination patients. The research method to perform image processing results of examination using radiant viewer and analysis of value Contrast to noise ratio (CNR) as a parameter of image quality and CTDIvol to determine the estimated radiation dose, then an analysis is performed to determine whether there is an influence of mAs on the CNR and CTDIvol values. The mean value of kV 116 ± 8.28, the mean value of parameter mAs 161.5 ± 63.46, the mean SNR parameter value is 7.5 ± 0.8, the mean return value of CNR parameter was 0.318 ± 0.291, the mean value of the CTDIvol parameter is 18.68 mGy ± 4.55 mGy, the average value of DLP parameters was 408.7 mGy x cm ± 105.2 mGy x cm, the mean value of parameter DLP is 441.2 mGy x cm ± 155.2 mGy x cm. With linear regression analysis of test results between mAs to CNR is R2 = 0.045. then to the results of linear regression between mAs against CTDI is R2 = 0704, the estimated radiation dose limit for the average value of CTDIvol 18.68 mGy and the average value of DLP 408.7 mGy x cm, this means the protocol CT scan of the head of the pediatric use is still within safe limits by Diagnostic Reference Level of BAPETEN in 2018 to pediatric head CT examination

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Background : This study aims to determine the differences in the quality of anatomical image information and to determine the best reconstruction variation of the Mastoid CT scan. Methods : The design of this study was quantitative and qualitative analysis, conducted in the radiology unit of Banten Hospital with the study population was all patients who underwent a head CT scan. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique specifically for the Mastoid CT Scan examination with clinical mastoiditis. Image reconstruction was performed with three variations of the filter, namely bone standard, bone smooth, and bone sharp for analysis. Result : The results obtained were that there were no significant differences in the SNR values of the three filter variations, but there were differences in the CNR values of the three filter variations. Conclusion : Based on the study conducted, it can be concluded that data obtained qualitatively according to clinical and the results of interviews with ENT specialists and radiologists that the bone sharp filter gets the highest rate which is used to analyze Mastoid CT images, and it is recommended to assess mastoid CT images with clinical mastoiditis.

Latar Belakang: Pemeriksaan lumbosacral sering kali menghasilkan kualitas citra yang kurang optimal. histogram equalization merupakan tahapan memanipulasi data citra digital untuk meningkatkan kualitas citra yang dapat diimplementasikan pada citra digital radiografi lumbosacral.Tujuan: Mengevaluasi peningkatan kualitas citra digital radiografi lumbosacral dengan menggunakan histogram equalization.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimental. Jumlah sampel terdiri dari 1 Kyouku’s anthropomorphic phantom yang dibagi menjadi citra lumbosacral proyeksi antero posterior (AP) dan lateral sebelum dan setelah direkonstruksi menggunakan histogram equalization. Kualitas citra dinilai dengan analisis grafik histogram, pengukuran nilai signal to noise ratio (SNR) merupakan parameter untuk menentukan kualitas citra radiografi, dan visual grading analysis (VGA) oleh 10 orang radiografer dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Signed-Rank.Hasil: Hasil kualitas citra menunjukkan bahwa analisis grafik histogram memiliki visual kecerahan yang meningkat, grafik histogram terdistribusi merata, dan nilai SNR meningkat setelah direkonstruksi dengan metode histogram equalization. Hasil VGA dengan menggunakan uji wilcoxon Signed-Rank setelah direkonstruksi kembali dengan metode histogram equalization pada proyeksi AP menunjukkan nilai 0,005 dan proyeksi lateral 0,074 dengan p-value > 0,05.Kesimpulan: Terjadi peningkatan kualitas citra radiografi proyeksi AP dan lateral dengan menggunakan metode histogram equalization.

Background:Cerebral Digital Substraction Angiography (DSA) screening is widely used in hospitals to find out even treat strokes and vascular abnormalities. During the examination, the patient received radiation from a C-Arm Biplane. The estimated dose received by the patient has been measured on the monitor screen which is the DAP value, but to find out the actual dose received by the patient, it is necessary to measure directly using the TLD attached to the patient's body during the examination.  Method: Measurement of critical organ dose is done by attaching TLD-100 chips on the surface of the eye, thyroid, and gonad to 6 different patients. Results: The purpose of this study was to measure and evaluate the amount of dose received by the patient's critical organs during Cerebral DSA examination. Conclusion: The results showed that (1) the amount of eye dose received by the patient during cerebral DSA examination was 23.01 mGy to 144,787 mGy. (2) the amount of thyroid dose received by the patient during cerebral DSA examination is 15,348 mGy to 76,162 mGy. (3) the amount of gonad dose received by the patient during Cerebral DSA examination is 0.09 mGy to 229,848 mGy. (4) DAP values during Cerebral DSA examination obtained values in the range of 77088 mGycm2 to 167718 mGycm2.