With increasing technology advancement, online shopping, and growth of affordable segment, smartphone users’ switching behavior is becoming a concern for smartphone companies. To fill the research gap that persists in relation to the switching behavior of smartphone users from a multidimensional view, this study integrates the push-pull-mooring model to investigate and classify factors that affect the switching behavior of smartphone users. To test the hypotheses in relation to different predictors, data were collected from a survey of 246 users of the top ten smartphone brands in China and analyzed using structural model equation through regression analyses. The results revealed that the pull, push, and mooring factors have a significant impact on the switching behavior of smartphone users. While the pull effects have a stronger impact than push effects, the mooring factors were found to have a significant and strongest effect on smartphone users’ switching behavior. In particular, subjective norm showed the greatest impact on switching behavior, product quality and obsolete features showed significant and weak impact while brand image, switching cost, and poor customer service did not show any significant impact. These findings provide useful implications and insights for smartphone brands to develop competitive strategies for customer relationship management.

Based on five-element theory, this study provides a cognitive frame for the construction of TCM (a medicine that originated in China, and is characterized by holism and treatment based on pattern identification differentiation) theory with the function of constructing a concept base, thereby implying further research strategies. Useful information may be produced from the creative inferences obtained from the incorporation of five-element theory.

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Over the past 20 years, the identification of interventions related to healthcare management has been greatly facilitated by improvements in the well-being and health of the entire population. However, regardless of the positive developments in smart health applications and e-health research, there are two important gaps, (1) the role of gamification variables in the continued use of eHealth applications has not been adequately assessed, and (2) the extent to which people’s perception of the continued use of e-health applications is encouraged through habit. Customers and companies can derive considerable value from exploring E-Health applications’ health self-management services. Accordingly, estimating such services’ ongoing adoption by customers is aimed for in this research, with habits, intrinsic and extrinsic variables incorporated into a study model which is then tested. This paper examined perceived autonomy, perceived competence, perceived relatedness has positively related to enjoyment and habit. Reward has positively related to perceived autonomy and continued to use. Enjoyment and Habit have positively associated with the decision to continue to use in e-Health Apps. 269 individuals who have used Chinese e-health applications comprised the data collection sample, being reached via an online questionnaire. Data analysis was undertaken using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). It was found that the ongoing adoption of e-health self-management services was perpetuated to a greater extent by intrinsic variables; in terms of strategizing for companies’ e-services, the results can inform this process.

This study investigates the consequences of financial development on environmental quality in Malaysia by using monetary access, profundity, and effectiveness as support components from 1990 to 2019. The level of affiliation between the components explored by using appropriate autoregressive lag technique. The variables appeared to have a long-term relationship during the investigation. Monetary events, population expansion, financial development, and energy consumption contribute to environmental degradation in the short and long-run. In contrast, squared fiscal growth boosts green value in the short and long term. As a result, Malaysia hosts the Ecological Carbon Kuznets Bend (ECKC) with a negative and measurable blunder revision phrase that supports the existence of a level connection between these variables. That is, any prior year’s 21.8% imbalance is rectified within a year. Monetary events, financial development, squared monetary development, energy use, and population all impact carbon dioxide flows.