Automatic defect detection is an important and challenging issue in the tire industrial quality control. As is well known, the production quality of tire is directly related to the vehicle running safety and passenger security. However, it is difficult to inspect the inner structure of tire on the surface. This paper proposes a high-precision detection of defects of tire texture image obtained by X-ray image sensor for tire non-destructive inspection. In this paper, the feature distribution generated by local inverse difference moment (LIDM) features is proposed to be an effective representation of tire X-ray texture image. Further, the defect feature map (DFM) may be constructed by computing the Hausdorff distance between the LIDM feature distributions of original tire image and each sliding image patch. Moreover, DFM may be enhanced to improve the robustness of defect detection algorithm by a background suppression. Finally, an effective defect detection algorithm is proposed to achieve the pixel-level detection of defects with high precision over the enhanced DFM. In addition, the defect detection algorithm is not only robust to the noise in the background, but also has a more powerful capability of handling different shapes of defects. To validate the performance of our proposed method, two kinds of experiments about the defect feature map and defect detection are conducted to demonstrate its good performance. Moreover, a series of comparative analyses demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can accurately detect the defects and outperforms other algorithms in terms of various quantitative metrics.

Not only one of the world's most remarkable sports facilities but also the first Public‐Private Partnership sport facility in China, the National Stadium for the 2008 Beijing Olympics Games has drawn much attention, received much help, produced much political debate and experienced multiple risks during its development and construction. But, at last, it was completed in time with good quality and at a reasonable cost. It played an important role in facilitating the success of the 2008 Beijing Olympics Games, giving an indelible impression to the world. This article reviews issues that arose during the stadium's development and construction and considers the risks encountered and lessons drawn. The construction and management arrangement was widely considered to be a public‐private partnership, but it is important to note that the so‐called private side consisted of a mix of public, blended public‐private and fully private organisations.

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With the rapid development of computer science, image processing, and pattern recognition, people are paying more and more attention on research and application of machine vision, which has resulted in excellent results in many fields. Depending on the features of untouched, fast-speed, real-time, proper precision, anti-interference, the inspection technology based on machine vision has been researched deeply and comprehensive applied aboard. Recently, the size measurement technology based on machine vision has been applied in the size measurement of the machine processing parts. A case study of typical regular mechanical parts, algorithm of position and size measurement of line, circle center and radius are researched, and good results are got, which established an academic foundation for further measurement of complex parts.

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