The study was undertaken in Shivamogga and Uttara Kannada districts of Karnataka on 80 farmers during 2020-21 to assess the farmers’ knowledge about farm ponds as part of the Krishi Bhagya Yojane (KBY). The primary data on farmers’ knowledge about farm ponds under Krishi Bhagya Yojane was acquired by employing schedule developed for it. All the farmers had knowledge of KBY as a ‘scheme for storing runoff water’, ‘funded by Government of Karnataka’ and ‘Raitha Samparka Kendra as contact office’. Large majority the farmers (98.75%) had knowledge about ‘farm pond, polythene sheet, diesel engine and sprinkler set components’ and 86.25 per cent of farmers had knowledge about ‘polythene sheet to prevent percolation’. 97.50% of farmers had knowledge about ‘subsidy given for all the farmers’ and majority of farmers (87.50%) had knowledge about subsidy given for ‘dugout of farm pond. Knowledge was positively significant with education, economic motivation and area under commercial agriculture, extension contact, mass media exposure, cropping intensity and area under irrigation. 48.70 per cent of variation in knowledge was explained by all the independent variables selected for the study.

District Central Co-operative Banks (DCCBs) are crucial for lending to the agricultural sector and related industries, serving as a centre of balance for rural finance. The DCCBs had an impact on the growth of farmers in Western Odisha by altering crop patterns, increasing productivity, creating job possibilities, raising incomes, and adopting new technologies. For the present study Five DCCBs in Western Odisha were taken for investigation for the present study. The analysis was based on primary data that were gathered in 2020–21. Loan recoveries were a concern that banks were dealing with. In Western Odisha, DCCBs disbursed loans more than 70% under category I (up to 3 lakhs), and more than 80% under category II (more than 3 lakhs), according to the NAFSCOB report, In the research area, PACS and "Kisan Credit Cards" were the primary methods used to disburse agricultural loans to farmers. Further data analysis revealed that the borrowers' biggest issue, which affected 77.6% of them, was the delay in loan disbursement, followed by the short repayment period, which affected 73.2% of them. The borrowers' least issue, which affected 48.4% of them, related to technical advice from the bank. The main goals of this study were to examine the and variables influencing, and issues faced by DCCBs in Western Odisha.

The study aimed to evaluate the perception of faculty members towards the organizational climate by evaluating the constraints and finding the suggestions in three colleges, namely UAS Dharwad, UHS Bagalkot, and KVAFSU Bidar, during the academic year 2020-2021 in Karnataka. The researchers used a pre-set scale consisting of 32 items that represented six organizational climate characteristics, viz. communication, supervision, decision-making, motivation, guidance, and organization management. A total of 135 faculty members participated in the study, and personal interviews were conducted to collect the data. The results revealed that the majority of faculty members faced challenges such as poor workplace relations, lack of motivation and appreciation for their achievements, improper communication of work-related information, and lack of guidance from superiors in difficult situations that hampered the organizational climate. To foster a cordial climate within the organization, faculty members suggested fostering friendly relationships among faculty and building trust, the head’s encouragement for good deeds, reward and incentive programs, and weekly faculty group meetings were suggested to increase motivation and appreciation for achievements.

The study was conducted in 2021 in the Jharsuguda district of Odisha to identify the constraints affecting beneficiaries under the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY). The study used a random sampling procedure and collected data through personal interviews with 60 respondents. Garrett’s ranking technique was employed to analyze the constraints as perceived by farmers. The findings revealed that medium and large landholding farmers availed the maximum limit of subsidy, and non-availability of spare parts in the local area, tedious procedures to obtain the benefit of PMKSY, and frequent equipment repairs were the major challenges hindering the performance of beneficiaries under PMKSY. Therefore, key stakeholders must take suitable steps to remove the identified constraints. It is imperative to address these challenges to improve the performance of farmers in Odisha.