SUMMARYThe cultivation of sugarcane with intensive use of machinery, especially for harvest, induces soil compaction, affecting the crop development. The control of agricultural traffic is an alternative of management in the sector, with a view to preserve the soil physical quality, resulting in increased sugarcane root growth, productivity and technological quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical quality of an Oxisol with and without control traffic and the resulting effects on sugarcane root development, productivity and technological quality. The following managements were tested: no traffic control (NTC), traffic control consisting of an adjustment of the track width of the tractor and sugarcane trailer (TC1) and traffic control consisting of an adjustment of the track width of the tractor and trailer and use of an autopilot (TC2). Soil samples were collected (layers 0. 00-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.30 m) in the plant rows, inter-row center and seedbed region, 0.30 m away from the plant row. The productivity was measured with a specific weighing scale. The technological variables of sugarcane were measured in each plot. Soil cores were collected to analyze the root system. In TC2, the soil bulk density and compaction degree were lowest and total porosity and macroporosity highest in the plant row. Soil penetration resistance in the plant row, was less than 2 MPa in TC1 and TC2. Soil aggregation and total organic carbon did not differ between the management systems. The root surface and volume were increased in TC1 and TC2, with higher productivity and sugar yield than under NTC. The sugarcane variables did not differ between the managements. O cultivo do canavial com uso intenso de máquinas, principalmente na colheita, resulta na compactação do solo, o que influencia no desenvolvimento da cultura. O manejo com controle de tráfego agrícola representa uma alternativa ao setor, podendo preservar a qualidade física do solo, resultando em maior crescimento radicular, produtividade e qualidade da cana. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a qualidade física de um Latossolo Vermelho com e sem controle de tráfego agrícola e seu efeito no desenvolvimento radicular, na produtividade e na qualidade tecnológica da cana-de-açúcar. Os manejos avaliados foram: testemunha sem controle de tráfego (NTC), controle de tráfego com ajuste da bitola do trator e do transbordo de cana colhida (TC1) e controle de tráfego com ajuste da bitola e uso de piloto automático (TC2). Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas camadas 0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20; e 0,20-0,30 m nas linhas de plantio e do rodado (entrelinha) e na região do canteiro, distante 0,30 m da linha de plantio. A produtividade foi medida com balança específica para transbordo. As variáveis tecnológicas da cana foram medidas em cada parcela. Os monólitos de solo foram coletados para análise do sistema radicular. O TC2 apresentou menor densidade e grau de compactação e maior porosidade total e macroporosidade na linha de plantio. A resistência do solo à pe...
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar diferentes intensidades de amostragem do solo com relação à precisão na análise geoestatística e interpolação de mapas, para fi ns de
RESUMO -Este trabalho teve como objetivos estimar o número de subamostras de solo, considerando-se métodos de estatística clássica e geoestatística, e determinar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos de fertilidade de um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo, textura argilosa, em uma área de vegetação natural em processo de regeneração, no Município de Alegre, ES. Amostras de solo foram coletadas na profundidade de 0-0,20 m, nos pontos de cruzamento de uma malha com intervalos regulares de 10 m, perfazendo um total de 64 pontos. Observouse baixo nível de fertilidade do solo. Considerando uma variação de 5% em torno da média no método da estatística clássica, necessita-se de maior número de amostras em relação à geoestatística. Todos os atributos químicos apresentaram dependência espacial de moderada a alta, com exceção da capacidade efetiva de troca catiônica (CTCe), que apresentou efeito pepita puro. O modelo de semivariograma que mais se ajustou aos dados foi o esférico. Os mapas de isolinhas permitiram visualizar a distribuição espacial diferenciada dos teores dos atributos químicos do solo.Palavras-chave: Geoestatística, Krigagem e Número de amostras. SAMPLING AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF A SOIL UNDER REGENERATING NATURAL VEGETATION ABSTRACT -The objectives of this work was to estimate the number of soil subsamples considering the classical statistics and geostatistics and determine the spatial variability of soil fertility attributes of an
Machinery traffic in sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) plantations reduces soil physical quality, and hinders both root development and crop yield. We evaluated the physical quality of an Oxisol and the development of sugarcane roots under controlled traffic. The treatments assessed were: without controlled machinery traffic (WCT), controlled traffic by adjusting the tractor and infield wagons to a 3.0 m track width with the operator guiding the machinery (CT1) and the previous treatment using real time kinematic / global positioning system (RTK / GPS) precision auto steer (CT2). Soil samples were collected from the planting rows, seedbed and inter-row center to determine the least limiting water range (LLWR) and soil porosity from scanned 2-D images. The root dry mass was sampled from monoliths, separated from the soil by washing through a 2-mm sieve and dried in an oven. A higher LLWR was observed in the planting row under CT1 and CT2 than under WCT. The planting row had a predominance of complex pores with a diameter > 500 µm in the 0.15-0.27 m depth layer under CT1 and CT2.In the planting rows under WCT, the root dry mass was only 44 % of that measured under CT2.Benefits regarding soil physical quality and growth roots were observed when the tractor-wagon track width was adjusted based on the sugarcane spacing using either precision auto steering or manual operation of the machinery.
do piloto automático. Os atributos físicos do solo foram avaliados nas camadas de 0,0-0,1, 0,1-0,2 e 0,2-0,3 m de profundidade, na linha de plantio, no local em que o rodado passa e no entrerrodado. Avaliaram-se também os efeitos desses tratamentos sobre a produtividade da cana-de-açucar, respectivamente. O tráfego das máquinas agrícolas aumenta a densidade do solo e diminui o diâmetro médio ponderado dos agregados e a macroporosidade na linha de rodado em relação à linha de plantio, o que causa a degradação cumulativa da qualidade física do solo, ao longo dos anos de cultivo. Os dois anos de controle de tráfego agrícola da colheita não influenciaram os atributos físicos do solo estudados.Termos para indexação: bitola, colheita mecânica, manejo do solo, piloto automático, trafegabilidade. Agricultural traffic control and soil physical attributes in sugarcane areasAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of traffic control on soil compaction in sugarcane areas with mechanical harvesting system. The study was carried out in a randomized complete block design in a split plot arrangement, with the following treatments: traditional mechanical harvesting, mechanical harvesting with traffic control, mechanical harvesting with traffic control and automatic tractor guidance. Soil physical properties were assessed at 0.0-0.1, 0.1-0.2 and 0.2-0.3-m depths, at the planting row, at the wheel tracks, and between wheel tracks. The effects of these treaments on sugarcane yield were evaluated, respectively, too. Agricultural traffic increases soil density, and reduces aggregate mean geometric diameters and macroporosity at the wheel tracks in comparison to the planting row, which leads to cumulative soil physical quality degradation throughout the years. The two years of agricultural traffic control did not influence the studied soil physical attributes.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.