IntroductionA woman requires special attention during 15-44 years of her life since she gets matured sexually and socially, gets married, conceives and gives birth to children during this phase [1]. If proper care is not taken during this childbearing process, then it affects the overall health especially the reproductive health of the woman as well as the health and wellbeing of the new-born child [2]. Access to proper medical attention and hygienic conditions during delivery can reduce the risk of complications and infections that may lead to death or serious illness for the mother and/or baby [3,4]. Ethiopia agreed to decrease maternal mortality by 75% from 1990 to 2015. But still the expected level is not achieved. Assessment of Institutional delivery in Gonji Kollela District is not previously done. Therefore the purpose of this study is assessing the institutional delivery and the hindering factors to take appropriate intervention in order to improve the institutional delivery service in the District. Methods Study areaThe study was conducted in Gonji Kollela District which is located 70 km to the south east of Bihar Dar, the capital city of Amhara region .The District has 26 kebeles (the smallest administrative unite of district). The total population is estimated to be 103,554 Women with reproductive age accounts for 27,742. The District has 6 public (Government) health center and 10 private clinics. MeasurementsCommunity based cross sectional study was conducted. Sample size was determined by the formula for single population proportion. Since it is multistage 283*2=566For non-respondents were account for 10% then, n=622. Sampling procedureMultistage sampling technique was used during sampling. In sampling process first six kebeles were selected by lottery method. From the selected kebeles eligible mothers in the selected kebeles were registered and there were 686 mothers who deliver in the last one year during data registration. Six hundred twenty two participant mothers were selected by proportional allocation to each Kebele. Data collection procedureThe data were collected using face to face interview by the trained interviewers using the prepared structured questionnaire. The questionnaires are designed in such a way that the necessary variables (questions) would be answered. Therefore the data about socio demographic characteristics, obstetrics characteristics were collected. AbstractBackground: Institutional delivery is giving birth in health institution under the Overall supervision of trained health professional. Proper care during pregnancy and delivery is important for the health of both the mother and the baby.