62 pituitary glands were examined after craniocerebral injuries of different seriousness. Primary and secondary changes of the pituitary gland depend on localisation and direction of violence, dimension of intracranial haemorrhage and other cerebral changes, therapeutical measures and time of surviving. Primary pituitary lesions occur likewise with isolated fractures of the calvarium and facial skull, but also without fractures of the skull. On the other hand fractures of the base of the skull including the sella do not necessarily result in traumatic pituitary lesions.

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We report the case of a 33-year-old man who suddenly died with the symptoms of a cardio-respiratoric insufficiency. As cause of death we found pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (MAP) with intra-alveolar calcifications and fibrosis of the alveolar margin. It is not known whether this diagnosis was found during lifetime. In our forensic experience we never met a case of this rare illness causative of sudden natural death.