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Optical low-coherence ref lectometry is applied for the first time to our knowledge to investigate diffusive biological tissues with a single-mode fiber probe. Samples of fresh arteries are studied, using the backscattered light from the tissue. The probed volume in the vicinity of the fiber tip is estimated to be below 6.7 x 10(-10) cm(3). This noninvasive method allows one to determine optical parameters, such as the index of refraction and the transmission properties, and the tissue thickness.

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We report on deep-ultraviolet (UV), light-assisted wet etching of GaAs. The etching chemistry differs from that using visible wavelengths and all doping types of GaAs can be efficiently etched. The UV processing offers rapid etching at low, nonthermal laser intensities and permits very deep, vertical features to be made.