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GLUTAMIC acid decarboxylase in brain was first described by ROBERTS and FRANKEL (1951). LOWE, ROBINS and EYERMAN (1958) using a fluorimetric method, and ALBERS and BRADY (1959) estimating ['*C]O, by means of a microradiometric method, found marked differences in the activity of the enyme in various parts of the brain of the monkey. The results of the two groups, however, are not in agreement for all the different parts investigated. The figures of LOWE et al. are in general somewhat higher than those of ALRERS and BRADY. Neither group was able to correlate the distribution of the enzyme activity with any of the functional systems of the central nervous system. LANGEMANN and ACKERMANN (1961), using a manometric method reported very low values in human brain, which did not show a characteristic distribution of the enzyme. However, using the fluorimetric method of LOWE et nl. (1958) we have now been able to do so.