The lifestyle, environmental factors, nutritional status and dietary habits of patients with Urolithiasis, visiting the major hospitals in Mysore city was studied. The mean age of onset of the disease was > 20 y. A higher incidence was found in men belonging to younger age group. Subjects exhibited a positive urinary tract infection, difficult urination and pain. Somatic assessment indicated a low protein status. Urea, creatinine and other biochemical parameters were within the normal range for majority of subjects. Subjects were involved in heavy activity as they were agricultural laborers. Dietary were mixed types, with the cereals being the predominant items of the daily meals. Consumption of green leafy vegetables/ fruits was very low. The energy intake was lower than RDA. Higher intake of finger millet and horsegram, which are rich sources of calcium, oxalate and dietary fiber, and low fluid intake was reported by the subjects. Research is needed to identify risk factors specific to different geographical regions.