Free amino acids and amines in leaf explants of Nicotiana tabacum cultivated in vitro on media inducing rhizogenesis or caulogenesis.
Foliar explants of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi n.c. were cultivated on three different media: (1) a basal medium without hormone, so that no differentiation occurred in the explants; (2) with auxin added; and (3) with auxin plus cytokinin added, where the additions (2) and (3) promote rhizogenesis and caulogenesis, respectively. The content of free amino acids and amines of the three kinds of explants were investigated. In the two media lacking cytokinin, the explants contained great amounts of five amino acids (asparagine, glutamine, proline, glutamic acid and histidine) and of one aromatic amine, tyramine. In the cytokinin containing medium, only two amines accumulated in the explants: one aliphatic polyamine (putrescine) and one aromatic amine (phenethylamine). The increase in amino acids began immediately on the first days of culture. It was related neither to a more active proteolysis nor to the breaking of the correlations from the mother plant. It was induced by the addition of nutritional elements into the medium. On the other hand, the accumulation of aromatic amines occurred after a few days of culture and was transitory. A decrease was observed after the first emergence of new organs. The relation between the accumulations of these aromatic compounds and formation of roots or shoots is discussed.
Es erhieltenLoebiseh und Schoop i sowohl bei der Destillation des Strychnins tiber roth gltihendem Zinkstaub~ als bei der trockenen Destillafion des Strychnins als Spaltungsproduet Carb~zol~ einen KSrper~ welcher his dahin unter den Spaltungsproducten sines Alkaloides noch nicht aufgeflmden war. Da dieselben schon frtiher beim Sehmelzcn yon Strychnin mitAtzkali ~ im Einklang mit einer Angabe yon H. G o 1 d s e h m i d t Indol erhielten~ , so gaben sie der Vermuthung Ausdruck~ dass das Carbazol bei den oben genannten Reactionen aus Indolderivaten unter Abspaltung yon Acetylen und Kohlens~tul'e entstanden sein dUrfte. Diese Vermuthung w~ire nach unserer Ansicht gestUtzt~ wenn bei einer gelinden pyrogenen Einwirkung auf Strychnin~ nur Iudol beziehungsweise sehon bekannte ][ndolderivate und gar kein oder sehr wenig Carbazol auftreten wiirden. GegenUber den hohen Temperaturen~ welche bei den Eingangs erw~ihnten Reactionen zur Geltung kamen, durften wir vorsichtiges Erhitz en des Stry chnin s mit Natronkalk als minder energisehen Eingriff betrachten und haben daher das Studium dieser Reaction in Angriff genommen. Wit haben Strychnin in Portionen yon 5-10g mit der ungefiihr zehnfachen Menge yon Natronkalk in an einem Ende zu
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