Objective: The present study was designed to examine the cytotoxic effects of methanolic extract of aerial parts of Corchorus depressus and hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions of the same extract in the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (HepG2) and invasive hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HLE).Methods: Anti-proliferative effects were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and neutral red uptake (NRU) assay. Human HCC (HepG2) and invasive hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HLE) were treated with different concentrations of methanolic extract (10,25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 µg/mL) of aerial parts of C. depressus as well as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions (200 µg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. The cell viability and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) were determined. Results:The maximum cytotoxic effect was noticed with a maximum dose of methanolic extract (500 µg/mL) and alkaloidal fraction (200 µg) in this study with an IC 50 value of about 200 µg. Conclusion:The set of studies showed that methanolic extract of aerial parts of C. depressus and alkaloidal, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions fractions was capable of inhibiting cell growth and cell proliferation by inducing cytotoxicity of HepG2 and HLE cells.

Objective: Alysicarpus monilifer (Family Papilionaceae) has been used in the Indigenous system of medicine in tumor removal. The present study was designed to isolate and identify the constituent responsible for cytotoxic (anti-tumor) effects of the plant Alysicarpus monilifer. Methods: The plant was powdered and extracted to give a methanolic extract. Initially, Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions of the methanolic extract of the plant were subjected to cytotoxic screening using cell line based assay (MTT assay and NRU assay). The chloroform fraction showed significant cytotoxicity, so it was further subjected to column chromatography, to separate the cytotoxic phytoconstituent. The cell lines selected were breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468) and Liver cancer cells (HepG2 and HLE cell). Results were calculated as percentage growth inhibition with respect to untreated (control) cells versus treated cells. Result: A triterpene, Betulinic acid, was isolated from the aerial parts of Alysicarpus monilifer. The cytotoxic activity of the identified compound against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HLE and HepG2 cells was also found to be highly significant with 90% growth inhibition. Conclusion: The triterpene was identified to be betulinic acid, to which the cytotoxic activity can be attributed. It is a first report of isolation of betulinic acid from the Alysicarpus species.

As per WHO Traditional medicine is the sum total of the knowledge, skill, and practices based on the theories, beliefs, and experiences, used in the maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of illness. World Health Organization define Traditional herbal medicines as naturally occurring, plant-derived substances with minimal or no industrial processing that have been used to treat illness within local or regional healing practices. Meyna is a genus of shrub and the plant is Small or medium size tree, Bark light black, smooth. Leaves opposite or whorled distributed in tropical and subtropical region. Earlier Vangueria spinosa covers a group of plants from Meyna genus recently the plants has been separated and classified into eleven different species of Meyna with the help of molecular phylogenetics The plant was reported to be used for treatment of diseases of digestive system, anti- inflammatory ,antioxidant, anti-dysentery and constipation .It also exhibits anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activities which indicate its usefulness as a promising drug in treatment of IBD.