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Various liver disorders are often associated with decreased concentrations of serum a-and pre-b-lipoproteins. The decreased concentrations of high density lipoproteins (HDL) is primarily due to an impaired lipid binding capacity of apolipoprotein A (apo -4), the major protein moiety of HDL.

A monoclonal IgM(kappa) anti-Pr cold agglutinin occurring after a rubella infection is shown to have the 'new' anti-Pr subspecificity anti-Pr3. Pr3 determinants are found on cat and sheep erythrocytes which lack Pr1 and Pr2 determinants. By carbodiimide treatment of human erythrocyte glycoproteins, which causes intramolecular coupling of N-acetylneuraminic acid carboxyl groups and nucleophilic centers of the glycoprotein backbone, Pr3 antigen activity is strongly increased, while Pr1 and Pr2 determinants are inactivated.