Today, the significance of the wireless communication is known all over the world. In order to achieve the better communication, many techniques and methods have been introduced. Among these techniques, smart/adaptive antennas are trending topic in the research domain. The smart antennas consist of various antennas arrays and have the ability to optimize the radiation and reception of the desired signals dynamically. Also, in order to avoid or mitigate the interferences, smart antennas can introduce nulls in the interferers direction by adaptive updating of the weights linked at every antenna element. The smart antennas can also enhance the quality of reception and reduce the dropped calls. This paper discusses the various survey topics related to smart antennas, Adaptive Beam Forming (ABF) algorithm etc. Also the various existing researches are discussed to know the research gap for future research scope.

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The growing usage of wireless services is lacking in providing high-speed data communication in recent times. Hence, many of the modulation techniques are evolved to attain these communication needs. The recent researches have widely considered OFDM technology as the prominent modulation mechanism to fulfill the futuristic needs of wireless communication. The OFDM can bring effective usage of resources, bandwidth, and system performance enhancement in collaboration with the smart antenna and resource allocation mechanism (adaptive). However, the usage of adaptive beamforming with the OFDM leads to complication in the design of medium access layer and which causes a problem in adaptive resource allocation mechanism (ARAM). Hence, the proposed manuscript intends to design an OFDM system by considering different switched beam smart antenna (SBSA) along with the cross-layer adaptive resource allocation (CLARA) and hybrid adaptive array (HAA). In this, various smart antenna mechanism are considered to analyze the quality of service (QoS) and complexity reduction in the OFDM system. In this paper, various SA schemes are used as per the quality of service (QoS) requirement of the different users. The performance analysis is conducted by considering data traffic reduction, bit-rate reduction, and average delay.

Smart antennas are capable of offering major contribution in improving system performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The OFDM is an air-link technology required for future wireless communication applications to address the technological challenges in fulfilling users demand. The adaptive resource allocation techniques in OFDM systems using smart antennas is an optimistic approach showing light towards developing various methods to improve spectral efficiency with required quality of service (QoS). However, fully adaptive techniques increase the challenges in designing the physical layer with minimum complexity. Now, the challenge is to investigate the possibility of achieving satisfactory system performance without increasing complexity at MAC layer of next generation OFDM systems. In this paper, methodology of designing a hybrid smart antenna system is proposed to achieve required QoS with minimum system complexity.

The wireless communication serves the efficient information among two or more points wirelessly.