RESUMO: O uso indiscriminado de Himatanthus drasticus (Janaúba) por pequenos caprinocultores no controle de verminose em pequenos ruminantes foi o que motivou a realização do estudo fitoquímico do mesmo. Cascas da janaúba foram coletadas na mesorregião Leste do Maranhão e conduzidas aos laboratórios de Nutrição da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão e de Produtos Naturais da Universidade Federal do Maranhão para a identificação botânica e fitoquímica pela metodologia da Prospecção Preliminar e CCD, realizando testes para as diversas classes de metabólitos secundários. A partir das cascas do vegetal moído e desidratado foi realizado o preparo do extrato bruto (EB). O material foi colocado em uma mistura hidroalcoólica de EtOH: H 2 O (7:3 v:v), e submetido a agitação mecânica esporádica. Os Subextratos foram obtidos a partir do EBHA pelo processo de partição líquido-líquido, ETOH: H 2 O (2:1, v:v). As misturas foram preparadas com os seguintes solventes orgânicos de polaridades crescentes: hexano, acetato de etila e butanol. As análises cromatográficas evidenciaram a presença de grupos de metabólitos secundários no extrato e nos subextratos. As classes de metabólitos secundários que apresentaram maior expressividade na análise de prospecção foram os alcaloides e taninos, enquanto que na analise por CCD foram os flavonoides e terpenos, indicando o potencial da ação farmacológica das cascas de H. drasticus. Palavras-chave:Bioatividade, Fitoterápico, Maranhão.ABSTRACT: Phytochemical screening of Himatanthus drasticus Plumel (Apocynaceae), from the eastern mesoregion of Maranhão, Brazil. The indiscriminate use of the plant Himatanthus drasticus (Janaúba) by small goat farmers to control nematode parasites in small ruminants was the aim of this phytochemical study of the plant. Barks were collected in the eastern mesoregion of the state of Maranhão, Brazil, and sent to the laboratory for botanical and phytochemical identification by the methodology of Preliminary Prospecting and TLC, testing for the various classes of secondary metabolites. From the ground, dehydrated bark, we conducted the preparation of the crude extract (CE). The material was placed in a water-alcohol mixture of EtOH:H2O (7:3 v:v) and subjected to sporadic mechanical agitation. The subextracts were obtained using the HACE process by liquid-liquid partition, ETOH: H2O (2:1, v:v). The mixtures were prepared with organic solvents of increasing polarity, such as hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol. The GC analysis showed the presence of groups of secondary metabolites in the extract and subextractes. The classes of secondary metabolites that showed greater expressiveness are the alkaloids and tannins, when analyzed by prospecting, and flavonoids and terpenes, when analyzed by TLC, and H. drasticus presents elements indicative of pharmacological action.
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