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Es werden anschauliche Bildungsprinzipien für beliebig doppelt gekrümmte, sich aus ebenen Viereckelementen zusammensetzende Schalenflächen vorgestellt.Dadurch wird es möglich, trotz doppelter Flächenkrümmung ebene Verglasungen bzw. ebene Schalelemente einzusetzen, eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für wirtschaftliche verglaste, opak verkleidete oder betonierte Schalentragwerke.Graphic design principles for economic and efficient shell structures. This paper will present graphic design principles for randomly doublecurved shell structures composed of plane quadrangular elements. This procedure allows the use of plane glazing resp. plane formwork elements, a major prerequisite for the economic application of glazed, opaque or concrete spatial structures.

In 50 fat-stained and foil-mounted Gough-sections of entire lungs in accidental death cases the topographic areas of fat-embolic blood vessel occlusions were estimated. For control, the same investigations were made in cases of nontraumatic death. Accumulation of fat-embolism was found in the arterior thirds of the upper and middle areas of the lung, while in the basal, the central, and the posterior parts the incidence of fat-embolic occlusions is significantly rarer. Similar results, although to a lesser degree, were found in the lungs of non-traumatized patients. A statistical study evaluated whether right or left lobe, sex, age, or time of survival after trauma influence the incidence and intensity of fat-embolic occlusions in the lung. The results were discussed.