Methods of multivariate statistics, stochastic processes, and simulation methods are used to identify and assess the risk measures. This paper presents the use of generalized linear models and Markov models to study risks to ships along the approach channel. These models combined with simulation testing are used to determine the time required for continuous monitoring of endangered objects or period at which the level of risk should be verified.

Paper discussed important factors affecting handling of ULCS (ultra large container ships) in Port of Gdańsk. In recent years more such vessels had been calling Gdańsk, including new generation o ULCS called Triple-E launched by Maersk. Studies conducted in Maritime University confirmed feasibility of safe handling of such large vessels but pointed to several factors needed to be taken under consideration to provide required safety level for ship handling operations. Author analysed factors responsible for safe handling ULCs in Gdańsk.

The paper presents comparison of the 'Person over board' manoeuvres. The article was based on research conducted on a group of students of the Faculty of Navigation of Gdynia Maritime University. People involved in studies previously conducted on board training on school training ships: ʺDar Młodzieżyʺ and ʺHoryzont IIʺ, but did not have experience as an officers. Research was carried on the Polaris Ships Bridge Simulator, located at the faculty of Navigation, of Gdynia Maritime University.

This paper presents an overview of the most important requirements and recommendations of international organizations for the area of LNG terminal under construction in winouj cie. These recommendations should be considered when planning safe traffic and manoeuvring of ships in port approaches to the Port of winouj cie and to the Outer Port of winouj cie. The approach area to the new terminal is located on shallow waters. Up to the present moment the fairway, anchorages and seamarks have been used by vessels of smaller size. After the construction of the new port with an LNG terminal it will handle the greatest LNG carriers. To ensure their safe entrance to the port, the fairway should be prepared with sufficient width and depth, with navigational aids. It is also necessary to prepare appropriate emergency anchorages and places where the vessels can return in case further voyage is dangerous. Additionally LNG cargo is very dangerous, because of this there is a compulsory to introduce of the highest safety standards, both in the design of the approach area and the application procedures for ships traffic. In particular, fairways and port canals, Under Keel Allowance, air draft, turning basin, vessel traffic services (VTS), traffic separation schemes (TSS), moving safety zone, and required speed limit are presented in the paper.

Ensuring the safety of navigation requires searching and implementation new methods of operation by International Maritime Organization. Greater vessel dimensions, large quantities of dangerous goods transported by sea, require enforcing new regulations for waters of the increased risk of occurrence of a dangerous situation or collision. Identification of hazards allows predicting different scenarios of events and finally the diagnosis for risk assessment, its control and limitation. Activity connected with the improvement safety of navigation should be unified and the same tools for such action are recommended to be applied worldwide. The paper discusses the role of formal safety assessment as a tool used by the International Maritime Organization in the decision-making process. The applicability of this methodology in national and shipowners' regulations concerning the safety of navigation is presented in this article.