This study evaluated the efficacy of olanzapine in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and improving the quality of life (QoL) of patients with cancer during chemotherapy. Two hundred twenty-nine patients with cancer who received chemotherapy from January 2008 to August 2008 were enrolled, and they were randomised to receive olanzapine or a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. The patients completed a CINV questionnaire once daily on days 1-5 and a QoL questionnaire on days 0 and 6. The complete response (CR) rates for nausea (76.85% versus 46.2%) and vomiting (84.3% versus 67.6%) were significantly higher in the olanzapine group than in the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist group for delayed CINV but not for acute CINV. The CR rates for nausea (76.85% versus 44.44%) and vomiting (85.95% versus 67.59%) were also significantly higher in the olanzapine group for the 5 days post-chemotherapy. After chemotherapy, global health status, emotional functioning, and insomnia were improved in the olanzapine group but worsened in the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist group, whereas cognitive functioning and appetite loss were unchanged. Moreover, olanzapine significantly improved global health status, emotional functioning, social functioning, fatigue, nausea/vomiting, insomnia, and appetite loss. Olanzapine improved the QoL of patients with cancer during chemotherapy, in part by reducing the incidence of delayed CINV.

A767 49-89% of the total annual costs associated with schizophrenia. ConClusions: Schizophrenia imposes a substantial economic burden on society mainly driven by high indirect costs. The cost estimates varied due to methodology differences and costs included. The information of disease burden associated with schizophrenia is crucial to enable informed decision-making in allocating health care resources.objeCtives: Due to the rapidly aging population, dementia is becoming a great concern in China. Moreover, dementia is associated with an important economic burden. The objective of this study was to provide an estimation of the economic burden of dementia in China with and without an adequate treatment. Methods: A Markov model was developed to simulate transition between a mutually exclusive set of health states associated with dementia. Average annual economic burden was estimated between patients treated from moderate to severe and patients not treated, over a five-year time horizon. The resource categories taken into account in the model were treatment, hospitalisations, nursing-home care, biological analyses, imaging, scales and professional caregiver costs. Transition probabilities were estimated from clinical trials. The resource utilisation and unit costs were provided by a Delphi panel. According to the China Alzheimer's project, there are 10 million dementia patients currently in the country and it is estimated that only 21.3% of them take medicine. Results: Over the five year, each untreated dementia patient cost on average 40,006 RMB per year, and each treated patient cost 36,503 RMB per year. Given current dementia patients of 10 million in China, and a treated probability of 21.3%, the annual total costs resulted in an economic burden of 392.6 billion RMB per year for dementia patients in China. Because of the demographic evolution of the Chinese population, the number of dementia patients is expected to increase. Increasing the proportion of treated patients might be a way to limit the raise of the burden, as the treatment help to reduce the average annual health care costs. ConClusions: Burden of dementia in China is likely to grow since the expanding ageing population. Adequate disease management using available treatment may be an efficient solution to limit costs. PMH12 eConoMIC Burden of deMentIa In sIngaPore: PrelIMInary results

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This paper deals with the problem of time-varying (TV) channel estimation for multiple-input multiple-output/orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO/OFDM) systems based on superimposed training (ST). The time-varying coefficients of the TV channel are firstly modeled by truncated discrete Fourier bases, and then optimally estimated both in one OFDM symbols and over multiple OFDM symbols by judiciously designing the superimposed pilots. In addition, an iterative symbol detection based channel estimation scheme with analytical performance analysis, is provided to mitigate the interference due to the unknown information sequences (thus to further improve channel estimation performance as well as SER levels). Simulations confirm that the proposed estimator achieves a considerable gain in estimating TV channels, and exhibits a nearly indistinguishable symbol error rate performance from the OFDM systems of frequency-division multiplexed trainings. 1 .