We analyze the characteristics of a coaxial‐to‐waveguide transition based on the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method with the cylindrical to rectangular cell interpolation scheme. The scheme presented in this paper is well suited for the analysis of a microwave device with a probe near waveguide discontinuity because perfect TEM mode can be generated inside the coaxial cable by using the cylindrical cell. The scattering parameters of a designed Ka‐band transition are evaluated and compared with those of commercially available software, High Frequency Structure analysis Simulator (HFSS) and measured data. There exists good agreement between the measured and calculated data. In order to prove an accuracy of the interpolation scheme, a coaxial to waveguide transition with a disk‐loaded probe is analyzed by the present approach and the results of this analysis are compared with measured data. Comparison shows that our results match very closely to those of measurement and other approaches. The method presented in this paper can be applied to analyze the characteristics of a probe excited cavity, coaxial waveguide T‐Junctions, and so on.
Purpose: This study focused on the evaluation of the relation between pollen concentration and the outbreak of allergic disease (symptom index), and this outcome would be necessary to upgrade risk grade for the pollen forecasting system. Methods: Airborne particles carrying allergens, such as pollen, were collected daily at the Seoul and Guri area by using 7-day Burkard samplers for 6 years. A total of 596 Subjects were recruited from Hanyang University Seoul Hospital (n = 144 for spring, n= 139 for autumn), and Hanyang University Guri Hospital (n= 157 for spring, n= 156 for autumn). Symptom index was evaluated and recorded by phone calling to study subjects daily or asking questionnaire when they visit outpatient clinic every week. Statistical analysis of data was performed by using correlation coefficients and regression models with time series graph. Results: Two peak seasons of pollen concentration were May and September in Korea. In skin prick tests, the sensitization rate to ragweed pollen was gradually increased in children. In the same period, sensitization rates to airborne pollen, especially oak, birch for spring, and Japanese hop for autumn were increased annually. There was a significantly relationship between symptom index of allergic patients and allergic pollen concentrations in this study. Especially symptom index was significantly correlated to the concentration of oak pollen of day 1 in spring and to the concentration of Japanese hop pollen of day 0 in autumn. Conclusion: Sensitization rates to pollens increased annually. There is a significant relationship between allergy symptom index and pollen concentration. There remains to confirm the Korean own risk grade of pollen allergy. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2016:4:415-422)
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Results of our study indicated that RANTES may play an important role and contribute to allergic reaction in LAR, and RANTES may be related to the pathogenesis of LAR.
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