The natural site of El-Mergueb, is one of the specific steppe ecosystem, that occupies an area of 16,481 ha; it is among the particular ecosystems in Algeria and is unique in northern Africa. It is located in the geographical limit of the Tell Atlas and the Saharan Atlas. It is at an altitude of 550 to 800 m, with a typically arid climate. The faunistic and floristic richness, quite specifically, contains species protected and classified in the IUCN: Chlamydotis and Gazella, as well as an autochthonous plant diversity: Stipa, Pistacia and Ziziphus. This study is based on the analysis of the vegetation by characterizing the associated soil type through the monitoring of the Eco-pedological relation during two seasons in three years: 2015−2016−2017. Nine soil profiles with a collection of twenty-one samples for each station of experimentation were collected. The results thus obtained showed that the content of the parameters analyzed is between low and average of the three stations. The average of the floristic analysis of the study area made it possible to define 34 botanical families spread over 69 botanical genus and 275 species. The analysis and the description of a natural space is important to establish a typology which is that is the basis for the development of management plans to conserve this category of protected areas. The FAC (Factorial Analysis of Correspondence) is relative to the individualization and the typology for three sequences, which corresponds to the groups (A), (B) and (C) also for the places in arid climate variants with very cold winters.

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Forest fires are part of the natural dynamics of Mediterranean forest ecosystems. In the Mediterranean regions, the ecosystems are shaped by this disturbance that they have been subjected to for a long time. This work aimed to study the effect of fire on the superficial soil of the Pinus pinaster forest of Jijel, Northeastern Algeria. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0–5 cm at different dates over a period of 24 months, in a diachronic mode. The following parameters have been tested: total carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), pH, cations exchange capacity (C.E.C.) and main exchangeable bases: calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+). The results of the study showed a significant soil enrichment during the first few months after the fire; this temporary high fertility decreases with time due to ecosystem recovery, which could be interpreted as a return to the pre-fire state.

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This research was conducted on the protected area of El-Mergueb at M’sila province. The zone of El-Mergueb is located about 180 km south of the capital Algiers, at an altitude from 550 to 800 m, and is characterised by arid climate. The zone of El-Mergueb has a landscape from the steppe to Alfa that lies just as well in the flat ridges hills that in their slopes and in the top part of the ravines. Alfa tenacissima dominates the most geographical space of El-Mergueb. This study is based on the analysis of the homogenous and heterogeneous facies by the determination of the content of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), active calcium carbonate (ACCE) and gypsum through monitoring these chemical parameters during 3 years: 2017, 2018, 2019. Six soil profiles of 15 soil samples collected in the site of study were studied and several chemical soil properties were considered. These factors included: soil pH, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), active total carbonate (CA), gypsum (CaSO4) and electrical conductivity (EC). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the variations in soil properties. Results showed that there are significant relationships between some soil factors and two PCA axes. The results thus obtained showed that the content of CaCO3 and CA analysed ranged from average to high. The average of gypsum and salinity was low. Floristic diversity defined 284 species. The data on the chemical characteristics of the soil studied have been the subject of a detailed statistical analysis (PCA). Our database consisted of quantitative variables. The implementation of the PCA to the soils studied showed a major dominance of the limestone in the two stations, which explains the alkaline pH and the low concentration of gypsum. Finally, these types of high total limestone are the most observed in the majority of steppe and arid soils.