The evaluation of mediastinal abnormalities is a challenging radiographical problem. Crosssectional imaging of the mediastinum by computed tomography now demonstrates precise anatomic details and is the imaging modality of choice for most mediastinal lesions. The following study was undertaken with the objectives of determining the mediastinal lesions affecting the mediastinum and to correlate the computed tomography findings with the histopathology reports. In this study, 50 patients clinically suspected with mediastinal mass lesions or who had chest radiograph with a suspicious mediastinal lesion were evaluated from October 2013 to September 2014. In our study, we used varying computed tomography features of each mediastinal pathology types to predict a histological diagnosis of mediastinal lesions. Most of the lesions could be predicted with good sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy.