The acceleration of ecological footprint and trade openness are two major hot subjects that have received much attention in recent years. Thus, the current study evaluates the interrelationship between ecological footprint and trade openness in Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey (MINT) nations. The study utilized time series and panel analysis between 1961 and 2018. The research provides thorough information regarding this relationship for various time and frequency sub-periods by employing the partial wavelet, wavelet coherence, and multiple wavelet coherence techniques. The results from the wavelet coherence show that in the short and medium term, there is significant co-movement between ecological footprint and trade openness for Mexico and Indonesia, with trade openness driving ecological footprint positively at high and medium frequencies. Moreover, at all frequencies, trade openness drives ecological footprint positively for Nigeria and Turkey. The study validates that trade openness leads to the ecological footprint hypothesis in each nation. Furthermore, the multiple and partial wavelet coherence undoubtedly strengthens the occurrences spotted through the wavelet coherence in each nation. Based on these findings, policy recommendations are put forward.

Relations between migration and economic growth have been shaped around both positivist and Non-positivist ideas in the economic literature. Approaches based on the Positivist argument mostly views the effect of migration on economic growth through the lens of human capital and brain drain while Non-positivist argument approaches the issue in terms of the negative effects of unqualified labor. On the other hand, increasing migration at the international level has been gaining importance since immigrants create socio-economic problems in both their native and destination countries. In this study, effects of migration, which constitutes and important problem both at the national and the international level, on economic growth were investigated in the light of these approaches. Relations between migration and economic growth in the developing countries were researched through panel data methods. According to the findings of the study, migration has a negative effect on economic growth. Therefore, it can be said that immigration of qualified human capital and brain drain has important consequences for the economic development of countries. This situation undoubtedly implies implementation of policies which directly affects the amount of investment to human capital.

Regional imbalance is an important socioeconomic problem which can be seen in many countries. The development agency tool which is implemented by many developed or developing countries in order to eliminate the regional imbalances is an important actor in especially implementation of regional plans and policies. In this study, especially the development of Regional Development Agency, which became an important implementation of development strategies in regions especially since early 2000s is evaluated.

Literatürde teşvik kavramı; özendirme, sübvanse etme, destekleme ve devlet yardımı gibi kavramları kapsamakta veya bu kavramlarla eş tutulmaktadır. Ülkeler gelişmiş ülkelerle aralarındaki farkı kapama veya gelişmiş ülkelerin stratejik önemi olan alanlarda liderliğini sürdürme çabaları yanı sıra bölgeler veya iller arasındaki gelişmişlik farklarını azaltmak amacıyla da teşvik düzenlemelerine başvurmaktadır. Türkiye'de de bölgeler arası gelişmişlik farklarını gidermek amacıyla teşvik uygulamalarının varlığı özellikle 2000 yılı sonrasında uygulamaya konan teşvik paketleriyle daha dikkat çeker olmuştur. Bu bağlamda Türkiye'de İstatistiki Bölge Birimleri Sınıflandırmasına göre ayrımı yapılan ve Düzey-2 kapsamında olan 26 alt bölgeye verilen yatırım teşviklerinin sosyo-ekonomik ve siyasal belirleyicilerinin neler olduğu 2004-2012 arası dönem için inceleme konusu yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre Türkiye'de yatırım teşviklerinden faydalanma derecesinin bölgelerin gelişmişlik düzeyleriyle paralellik arz ettiği gözlenmiş ve bu durum bölgesel dengesizlikleri giderme amaçlı uygulanan teşvik politikalarının arzulanan amaçlarının saptığına işaret etmiştir.

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