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Abstract:In this paper we study small and large solid-core PCFs with elliptical shaped air-holes for the hexagonal lattice, which were constructed by omitting one air-hole (small core) and seven air-holes (large core), respectively, and we compare their characteristics with those with circular holes. We use two types of ellipticity: vertical and horizontal. Birefringence, dispersion, and the numerical apertures of the fundamental modes are analyzed using commercial simulation software. Also, the confinement loss is obtained. The effect of ellipticity on these characteristics is investigated in detail. It is found that the type of ellipticity of the air holes affects the numerical aperture and hence confinement loss significantly, but it has no crucial effect on either the dispersion or the birefringence for the small and large core PCFs. PACS

For a solid core photonic crystal fiber with the triangular lattice, the field and energy distributions of fundamental mode are considered at 1.55 m wavelength. The silica core is constituted by removing the 7 air holes. The cladding consists of the twodimensional silica-air photonic crystal with the 4 rings of air holes. The field and energy distributions were investigated for three different values of d/Λ. Here, d and Λ represent the diameter of air holes and the pitch length, respectively. The simulations show that, for the fixed Λ, the increase in d/Λ ratio does not cause the considerable changes in the field and energy intensity distributions, but for the fixed d, the increase in this ratio affects the intensity distributions reasonably.