The inferior epigastric artery flap can be applied to microsurgical flap transfer, potentially in breast reconstruction, hemifacial atrophy, phalloplasty, or when extremely large amounts of skin coverage are required.

Reconstruction of skeletal defects is crucial in modern maxillofacial surgery. Commonly these defects are results of radicalism of ablative surgery and might be associated with significant impact on anatomy, function, and esthetics, which provoke deterioration of overall quality of life (QoL) of the patient. Nevertheless, the most difficult task in the facial reconstruction is the reconstruction of the frontal part of the mandible because of its convex-concave anatomy and specific impact of mandible on function and esthetics of the whole face. Various flaps and techniques are available for the reconstruction of subtotal defects of the mandible, including free fibula, iliac crest, etc. 1 Yet free fibula seems to be work Keywords ► virtual planning ► dental implants ► free fibula transfer ► navigation guide AbstractRoutine reconstruction of subtotal defects of the mandible and orthopedic rehabilitation supported by dental implants is achieved by means of detailed planning and lasts over a year. This article shows the outcomes of single-stage surgical treatment and immediate orthopedic rehabilitation performed with the help of preoperative virtual computer simulation. 3D investigation of pathological and donor sites, virtual simulation of tumor resection, positioning of the dental implants into fibula, virtual flap bending and transfer, virtual bending of fixing reconstruction plates, and fabrication of navigation templates and bridge prosthesis supported by dental implants were done preoperatively. The surgery included tumor resection, insertion of dental implants into fibula, elevation of fibula osteocutaneous free flap, rigid fixation within recipient site, and immediate loading by bridge orthopedic device. On 10-month follow-up, functional and esthetic results were asses as reasonable. Radiography showed dental implants to be integrated and positioned appropriately. We found that successful rehabilitation of the patients with extensive defects of the jaws could be achieved by ablative tumor resection, dental implants insertion prior to flap elevation guided by navigation templates, further osteotomy, modeling of the flap based on navigation template, flap transfer, and rigid fixation within recipient site by prebended plates, with application of prefabricated prosthesis.

Traumatic limb injury is a prevalent lesion in Iran. Motorcycle accidents are responsible for most of these traumatic lesions. Despite various reported techniques, the coverage of the Achilles tendon, malleoli, ankle and heel is still daunting and demanding procedure. S-shaped reverse sural flap is a modified technique of reconstruction. In this report of 6 patients underwent surgical reconstruction by this modified technique we discuss about the technique as a simple and safe technique with low morbidity rate and recommend using this technique in complex injuries.

BACKGROUNDThe aim of the presented study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of diltiazem on the microcirculation of the tissue flaps created in the delay phenomenon applied rabbits. METHODSThe experiment was performed in

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