Objective This systematic review aimed to determine whether coronal angular corrections correlate with patient reported outcomes following valgus-producing high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Design Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched. Studies that reported hip-knee-ankle angles (HKA) or femorotibial angles (FTA), and the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), or EQ-5D before and after valgus-producing HTO were eligible. Correlation analyses were performed where appropriate to investigate the relationships between variables. PROSPERO ID: CRD42019135467. Results This study included 39 articles including 50 cohorts. VAS was reported in 22 studies, OKS in 9, KOOS in 12 and EQ-5D in 2. The HKA angle was corrected from 7.1° ± 1.7° varus to 2.3° ± 1.7° valgus at final follow-up. The FTA changed from 3.0° ± 2.0° varus to 7.7° ± 1.3° valgus. Outcome scores improved with clinical and statistical significance postoperatively. Spearman correlations for nonparametric data revealed greater changes in knee alignment were moderately associated with larger improvements in VAS scores ( r = 0.50). Furthermore, those who experienced greater changes in alignment showed larger improvements in the KOOS Activity and Quality of Life domains ( r = 0.72 and r = 0.51, respectively). Conclusion On average, patients did not achieve the “ideal correction” of 3° to 6° valgus postoperatively. Nevertheless, statistical and clinical improvements in patient-reported outcome measure scores were consistently reported. This suggests that the “ideal correction” may be more flexible than 3° to 6°.

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Tomato belongs to the Solanaceae family. It is an essential vegetable crop of Pakistan. Production of tomato affected by viral, fungal, and bacterial diseases. Some post-harvest tomato fungal pathogens like Aspergillus, Alternaria, Fusarium and Rhizopus are major contributors to tomato fruit losses. The current research was focused to control these post-harvest fungal problems of tomato by application of some botanical extracts because these have no harmful residual effects like fungicides which influence fruit value and human health. For this purpose, infected samples were collected from a local market. Then fungi were isolated from these infected samples on PDA culture media. These purified fungal cultures were inoculated to healthy tomato fruits to confirm the pathogenicity of these fungal isolates. During management, trials inoculated fruits from each group were coated with different concentrations of Curcuma longa, Mentha piperita and Ocimum basilicum. A completely randomized design (CRD) was followed in these experiments with three replications. Data regarding the infected fruit area was recorded following the standard procedures Fisher’ s analysis of variance technique was used for analyzing the data and a significant differences test (LSD) was used for comparing differences among treatments using least at 5 % probability. The turmeric plant was more efficient than Basil and mint. At 200ppm concentration, the turmeric inhibits 80.1 % growth of Alternaria alternata on PDA media, but the growth rate was reduced up to 31.6% at 50_ppm concentration. Growth inhibition significantly reduced as concentration increased from 50ppm to 200 ppm concentration.

Capsicum annuum L. member of family Solanaceae is an important vegetable crop throughout the world. Fusarium wilt of chilli caused by Fusarium oxysporoum f.sp. capsici, is a serious destructive disease, which reduces its yield and is a major threat to the economy. Plant activators play an important role to manage soil born disease. In current study, a pot experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions in the research area of Plant Pathology Department, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Five plant activators K2HPO4, CaCl2, Benzoic acid, Salicylic acid and Alpha-Tocopherol were used to manage the Fusarium wilt of chilli. Soil drenching of each plant activator was applied at three different concentrations 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% after transplantation. Results showed that the minimum incidence of disease, maximum length of shoot, length of root was revealed by K2HPO4 at 0.75% concentration. While benzoic acid exhibit maximum shoot fresh weight, maximum shoot dry weight, fresh root weight and dry root weight at 0.75% concentration. Maximum fresh leaf weight showed by salicylic acid whereas maximum dry leaf weight exhibited by alpha-tocopherol at 0.75% concentration. It was concluded that K2HPO4 at 0.75% concentration is effective to manage Fusarium wiltof chilli that can be used to manage disease in future.