In our study, LF and MLF procedures were associated with a lower recurrence and complication rate compared to KF. However, more randomized studies comparing different reconstruction methods after PSD excision are needed.

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare form of nonlactational mastitis. Due to the small number of case series and consequently inadequate prospective studies, there is still no consensus on the optimal treatment of IGM. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of intralesional steroid injection with concomitant topical steroids to systemic steroid therapy only in the treatment of noncomplicated IGM. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Between June 2015 and April 2018, the patients’ data was prospectively collected and analyzed retrospectively. The study included a total of 78 female patients diagnosed with IGM. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the local steroid treatment group (intralesional steroid injection with topical steroid administration; group 1, <i>n</i> = 46) and the peroral systemic steroid treatment group (group 2, <i>n</i> = 32). Response to the therapy, side effects, recurrence, the need for surgical treatment, and complication rates were compared. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Forty-three patients (93.5%) in group 1 achieved a partial or complete response compared to 23 patients (71.9%) in group 2 after 3 months; this difference was significant (<i>p</i> = 0.012). The recurrence rates were significantly lower in group 1 (8.7%) compared to group 2 (46.9%; <i>p</i> = 0.001), and the need for surgical treatment was significantly less in group 1 (2.2%) than in group 2 (9.4%; <i>p</i> = 0.001). While the complication rates were similar between groups, a higher rate of systemic side effects was observed in group 2. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Based on the results of our study, combined steroid injection and topical steroid treatment in IGM is as effective as systemic steroid treatment. We suggest that this combination therapy of topical steroids and local steroid injection should be used as first-line therapy in patients with noncomplicated IGM.

MIP single-layer mesh repair is as effective and safe as LHR, with the additional benefits of minimally invasive nature, less chronic pain at 2 years and low polypropylene load when compared with the original Kugel patch.

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INTRODUCTION:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for the treatment of gallstone disease; however, adverse hemodynamic changes induced by increased intraabdominal pressure due to pneumoperitoneum are known to occur. Herein, we investigated the effects of pneumoperitoneum on oxidative stress markers, including paraoxonase, arylesterase, total oxidant status, and total antioxidant status, during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.PATIENTS AND METHODS:Patients that underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy were classified as Group I, whereas patients that underwent surgical procedures for an abdominal wall hernia under general anesthesia were classified as Group II. Blood samples were obtained during the preoperative period, the perioperative period, and 24 hours after surgery (postoperative day 1). Leukocyte counts, neutrophil rates, paraoxonase activities, arylesterase activities, and total oxidant and antioxidant status levels were measured.RESULTS:The differences in leukocyte counts and neutrophil rates were not significant between the two groups. In Group I, no significant differences in the total oxidant and antioxidant status levels were identified; however, paraoxonase and arylesterase levels were lower on postoperative day 1. No significant changes were observed in the total oxidant status, total antioxidant status, and paraoxonase or arylesterase activities in Group II. The perioperative total antioxidant status and arylesterase level were higher in Group I in comparison to Group II.CONCLUSION:Paraoxonase and arylesterase levels are useful markers in the evaluation of oxidative stress caused by intraabdominal pressure due to pneumoperitoneum.