SummaryThe ability of Rhodococcus fascians strain D188 to provoke leafy gall formation on a variety of plant species is correlated with the linear plasmid pFiD188, on which different pathogenicity loci were identified. The att locus affects the severity of symptom development on tobacco, whereas the fas locus is essential for virulence. To gain insight into the function of the att locus, sequence and expression analyses were performed. The att locus contains nine open reading frames homologous to arginine and b-lactam biosynthetic genes. att gene expression is transcriptionally induced by leafy gall extracts, but not by extracts of uninfected plants, and depends on the attR gene that encodes a LysR-type transcriptional regulator. The att locus proves to be essential for the formation of inducing factors (IFs) that are present in gall extracts. Because the induction of the fas locus also requires the presence of IFs in gall extracts, the att locus is proposed to play an important role in regulating the expression of the virulence loci of R. fascians.

No abstract

Objective: To develope a scale of the factors influencing the decision to purchase vitamin and mineral for children among mothers and assess the impact of them on the purchasing decision. Subjects and methods of research: The study was conducted randomly on the mothers having children under 6 years old at some pharmacies in Hue city. To evaluate results through measurement and analysis methods. Results: The new scale was constructed with 22 observed variables. Four independent factors that influence purchasing decisions are medical staff, product, knowledge and society in descending order; explained by 51.10% of the variation in purchasing decision among mothers. In addition, differences in the number of children every family, the mother’s education and the child’s anorexia are also related to the purchasing decision. Conclusion: A new scale of factors influencing purchasing decision has been developed. Medical staff was the most important factor of purchasing decision among mothers. Key words: purchasing decision, vitamin and mineral supplement (vitamin and mineral).

Background: The study aims to develop a scale measuring the quality of pharmacy services and analyze the factors influcencing patient satisfaction with quality of pharmacy services at the outpatient drug dispensary. Subjects and methods: The tool to assess the satisfaction level and related factors were developed and explored through interviewing patients. Evaluate results through measurement and analysis methods. Results: The new reliable scale was constructed with 26 observed variables. The average patient satisfaction level is 3.90 ± 0.51 by using 5-point Likert scale. Five factors including: dispensing operation, facilities, professional qualifications, medications and staffs most affected patient satisfaction in descending order; explained by 55.3% of the variation in satisfaction among patients. Conclusions: A new scale has been developed to measure patient satisfaction of pharmacy services. Patients were satisfied with the quality of pharmacy services at the outpatient drug dispensary. Dispensing operation was the most important factor of patient satisfaction. Key words: quality of pharmacy services, patient satisfaction.