The thioredoxin system, consisting of thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and NADPH, plays a fundamental role in the control of antioxidant defenses, cell proliferation, redox states, and apoptosis. Aberrations in the Trx system may lead to increased oxidative stress toxicity and neurodegenerative processes. This study reviews the role of the Trx system in the pathophysiology and treatment of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases, brain stroke, and multiple sclerosis. Trx system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of those disorders via multiple interactions through oxidative stress, apoptotic, neuro-immune, and pro-survival pathways. Multiple aberrations in Trx and TrxR systems related to other redox systems and their multiple reciprocal relationships with the neurodegenerative, neuro-inflammatory, and neuro-oxidative pathways are here analyzed. Genetic and environmental factors (nutrition, metals, and toxins) may impact the function of the Trx system, thereby contributing to neuropsychiatric disease. Aberrations in the Trx and TrxR systems could be a promising drug target to prevent and treat neurodegenerative, neuro-inflammatory, neuro-oxidative stress processes, and related brain disorders.

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Morphol., 35(4):1553Morphol., 35(4): -1559Morphol., 35(4): , 2017. SUMMARY:This study represents a morphometric assessment of the anterior segment of the lumbar spine, focused on the vertebral body -intervertebral disk assembly, calculating some specific indicators and then completing direct morphometry data with the data resulting from the imaging interpretation and subsequently correlating the same to map an anatomic-imaging model. The study was carried out with anatomic items from personal archive and images obtained from Computer Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) assessment. The morphometric assessment was carried out for intervertebral disks, the disk height in the anterior and posterior sections and correlated with the disk angle degree. Direct morphometric data was compared and correlated with the data resulting from the imaging interpretation. Direct morphometric assessment was carried out for 11 vertebral blocks; the vertebral blocks were sectioned and turned into 22 vertebral semi-blocks allowing easy access to absolutely all dimensional values pursued, including the ones covered by the posterior arc. The assessment of imaging data was made with CT, CT 3D and MRI investigations from the 120 subjects in the study. The disk sizes were assessed by direct measurements on the anatomic items and directly measured by means of the software for modern imaging examination. In case of significant differences between the vertebral bodies, the calculation of disk sizes was made indirectly, on grounds of the geometric interpretation of the vertebral body face sizes. The vertebral body / intervertebral disk (IVD) assembly represents a dynamic structure, permanently subject to changes and adaptation, IVD being capable of incurring changes for the entire life time, including growth changes; the growth, however, is not lineal, but a succession of thickening and getting thinner, in full concordance with the structural stresses and changes occurring inside.

For the public health system in Romania, the opinion of patients and one of the doctors has become an important source of information in detecting problems and developing effective action plans to improve the quality of medical services. Subjects were included in the cross-sectional study conducted through qualitative and quantitative methods. From a total of 592 hospitalized patients between October 2021 and March 2022, 41% completed the satisfaction evaluation questionnaires. According to the obtained results, it is found that socio-demographic variables influence the level of satisfaction of hospitalized patients. Thus, women tend to have a lower level of satisfaction than men, in terms of the quality of accommodation and food and pay more attention to communication with the attending physician. Both men and women had a satisfactory overall impression of the quality of care received at discharge. There was also an increased level of satisfaction for rural patients in all areas, but lower scores for patients with higher education, who were less satisfied with the quality of accommodation, food and cleanliness. In conclusion, when conducting a patient satisfaction survey, one must be aware of the effect of many variables on patient responses.

Mycoplasma hominis (M.h.) and Ureaplasma urealyticum (U.u.) are members of Mycoplsma, class Moliculites. There are bacteria that are commensal to the vagina, but can cause urogenital infections, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) premature birth in pregnant women. In men they produce nongonococcal urethritis infections and are also involved in infertility, reducing sperm motility. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance is necessary in the context in which it is constantly growing. The test was performed on galleries with wells containing antibiotics in two concentrations (except Pristinamycin) Of the 130 men tested, 15% were positive for the U.u. and 2% for M.H. while out of 169 women 56% were positive for the U.u. and 5% for M.h. The highest resistance to antibiotics was with Ciprofloxacin (83% U.u. and 11% M.h.). M.h has high resistance to antibiotics in the Macrolides group (92%).