The statistic" Midpoint" used as a magnitude of observations in each class of a frequency table leads to biased estimates of the two measures of shape of a distribution, skewness, and kurtosis. This research proposed three new statistics, the mean, median, and midrange of observations in each class instead of the midpoint. Simulation results using samples from normal, uniform, exponential distributions, and the real Istanbul weather data indicated that measures that used the mean as a representative of observations in each class outperformed the other measures of skewness and kurtosis.

Data on birth weight of Swamp buffalo calves that were born between 2015 and 2017 were collected and analyzed for this study. The objective was to estimate the effect of heritability and to evaluate the influence of environmental factors on the birth weight of swamp buffalo calves. The heritability was estimated using parent-offspring regression method while the environmental factors were measured using linear regression analysis. The average birth weight for swamp buffalo calves was 31.5 ± 5.33kg. It was significantly (p<0.05) affected by the age of dam and the year of birth but the body weight of the dam and the sex of calves did not significantly (p>0.05) influence the birth weight. The heritability of birth weight was estimated to be 0.29, which is low. Therefore, environmental and herd management factors seem to play a larger role in birth weight than genetics. The low estimated heritability obtained from this work indicates that improvement through selection may not be feasible.

Background: Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) was first implanted in 1958 and since then, the implantation rate is escalating for various indication mainly symptomatic bradyarrhythmia. However, extraction rate of CIED remained unclear and we reported an interesting case of explanting a 34-year-old permanent pacemaker. Case Report: A 79-year-old gentleman with a Teletronic's permanent pacemaker who defaulted his routine follow up for three decades presented to our center and underwent uneventful removal of his device. Post removal of CIED, he was monitored for a year and remained asymptomatic. Conclusion: Patients need to be educated on post-implantation pacemaker care.

No abstract

No abstract