Garlic skin, a by-product of garlic processing, was supposed to improve the fermentation quality of high-moisture silages because of its low moisture content and active compounds. Thus, fermentation and microbial characteristics of high-moisture Pennisetum hydridum ensiled with the addition of 0, 10, 20, and 30 wt% garlic skin (on a fresh matter basis) were analyzed during a 60-days fermentation. Results showed that the addition of garlic skin increased the dry matter content and lactic acid production, and decreased the pH and ammonia-N content of the silage. Adding garlic skin changed the relative abundance of bacterial communities with an increase in Lactobacillus and a decrease in Clostridium relative abundance. In conclusion, co-ensiling of high-moisture Pennisetum hydridum with garlic skin could be a simple approach to improve the silage quality and nutrients preservation.

Background Early in the pandemic, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had been reported with significant impact on the stroke care pathway. Meanwhile, the mid/long-term consequence of treatment efficiency and effectiveness of the acute stroke pathway still remains unknown. Methods A comprehensive retrospective analysis was conducted on the acute stroke care pathway parameters in a stroke unit in Chongqing, Southwest China. A total of 1492 patients were involved in this study, of whom 634 patients (42.5%) were included during the COVID-19 pandemic, 858 patients (57.5%) included during the similar period of 2019. We collected demographic and clinical characteristics, clinical outcome as the treatment efficiency and effectiveness indicators of the acute stroke pathway. Results Compared to the same period in 2019, there were 2.8% fewer transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients, while 9.9% more acute ischemic stroke patients in 2020. In addition, patients had significantly higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (P = 0.002) and hospital mortality (P = 0.004) during the pandemic. The median door-CT time (P < 0.001) and emergency stay (P < 0.001) of acute stroke were also remarkably increased during the pandemic. The proportion of patients with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) was significantly lower (P < 0.001), while the mechanical thrombectomy (MET) was remarkably higher (P = 0.042) in the pandemic group. Moreover, the IVT was significantly delayed during the pandemic (door-needle time: P = 0.001). Conclusion The COVID-19 outbreak did not reduce the willingness of the acute stroke patient to seek medical help. Benefited from adjustments of stroke procedure in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, no significant reduction was observed in the reperfusion success of the acute stroke care pathway. However, more medical resources need to be invested into the acute stroke care pathway to prevent serious consequences of undiagnosed and untreated strokes.

In the title compound, [Cu(C14H8O5)(C12H12N2)(H2O)]n, the CuII ion is penta­coordinated in a square-pyramidal geometry. Two N atoms of the chelating 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine (dbp) ligand and two O atoms of two different 2,2′-oxydibenzoic (odb) ligands occupy the basal plane while the water O atom completes the square-pyramidal geometry at the apical site. The non-water N2O2 donor atoms are nearly coplanar, with a mean deviation from the least-squares plane of 0.0518 (11) Å and the Cu atom is displaced by 0.1507 (11) Å from this plane towards the apical water O atom. Further coordination via the 2,2′-oxydibenzoate anions forms a one-dimensional coordination polymer extending parallel to [010]. In the crystal structure, O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into a two-dimensional supra­molecular structure.

The envelope of rural buildings has been lack of effective and reasonable thermal insulation method and therefore its energy consumption has always been high. In order to address this problem, this paper aims to optimize the thermal design of building envelope. The simulation using DesignBuilder software for modeling and analyzing, using the orthogonal experimental design method to study the effects of external wall, external window and roof on heating load, and optimal thermal insulation scheme was obtained, which was 100mm PUF (external wall), 6mm+12mm+6mm low-E glass (external window) and 100mm PUF (roof). Results revealed that the addition of sunspace can significantly reduce the heating load and thus the selection of window thermal insulation material is very important. Compared with the condition of highest heating load, the energy-efficient rate of optimal scheme reached to 21.4%. The results of this study will serve as the idea for optimal design of rural buildings envelope.

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