The use of distance learning in the modern educational space of Zoom, Google Meet and other applications, as the main training format, has revealed a fairly large number of urgent challenges in terms of its effective use. The article outlines the difficulties of teaching online, which are noted by domestic and foreign researchers. It is noted that it is the subjective perception of distance learning by subjects of the educational process, in particular by applicants for higher education, that significantly affects the efficiency of knowledge assimilation. The attitude to distance learning of students of various professional fields has been investigated. The factors of positive and negative attitudes towards online learning are characterized. A statistically significant difference was revealed, and a comparative analysis and interpretation of differences between the indicators of satisfaction-dissatisfaction with distance education was carried out. It has been proven that the differences significantly depend on the professional orientation of the respondents. Taking into account the specifics of educational components will significantly affect the attitude of students to distance learning. In order to clarify the subjective attitude to online learning, to reduce the influence of the social environment, suggestion and attitudes, the respondents were offered, in addition to the authors’ questionnaire, the “Diary of emotions” questionnaire, which is used as a projective technique for studying the emotional state. It was revealed that the majority of applicants are dominated by a positive emotional state, but at the same time, the largest number of negative emotions from the list of negative emotions concerns precisely distance learning. Positive emotions are caused, as a rule, by situations of interpersonal communication with peers and this is an important factor that negatively affects the perception of learning, limiting direct, constant contacts with society. Among the prospects for further research, the importance of further studying the relationship of personal factors, in particular motivation and attitudes towards distance education, was noted.

The article provides a review of the modern nuclear family’s condition. I analyse scholarly works by leading local and foreign scientists in the line of parent–child, sibling relations. The peculiarities of the interaction between children and parents are highlighted from the position of the respondents, who have been grouped into subgroups according to the order of birth in the family hierarchy (N = 265). The choice of methods for studying the family interaction of the respondents has been found. The aim is to study the level of development of parent–child and sibling relations, and compare the results in the “The first/middle/last child” subgroups. The methods are questionnaires used to establish the level of parent–child and sibling relationships; the statistical processing of empirical data and graphical presentation of the results were done using MS Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics (v. 27.0). The main positions based on the results of our research will be put into the basis for the development of specific recommendations, which will be useful and helpful in further work of practicing psychologists in the field of family counseling in such subsystems as marital sibling and parent-child relationships.