Infectious vectors are generally sensitive to environmental change, including climatic factor. Climate may affect the ability of vector in transmitting the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of climatic factors on density of Anopheles farauti Laveran in coastal and marsh ecosystems. The mosquito was collected by using human landing collection method. The climatic data recorded during the research were air suhue, wind velocity and humidity, while the rainfall rate data was obtained from the Provincial office of Meteorology and Geophysics Agency Suhue of Papua Province. The result showed that Anopheles farauti was constantly found during the study period as air suhue, humidity, rainfall and wind velocity fluctuated. This result suggest that during the data collection climatic factors did not significantly affect the presence and density of Anopheles farauti. Key words: climatic factor; mosquito density; coastal; swamp; Anopheles farauti.

Biak Numfor and Asmat districts reported as malaria endemic areas in Papua (Papua Global Fund, 2011). Anopheles farauti mosquito is one of the malaria vectors in the region. Malaria control efforts have been made but there are still many cases of malaria. Malaria control will provide maximum results if there is a match between the vector behavior and programs undertaken. The purpose of this study was to determine the bionomics factors (behavioral) of malaria vector An. farauti mosquitoes in coastal ecosystems (Biak Numfor) and swamp (Asmat); namely: (a). density (b) age and (c) blood-seeking behavior. The method used in this study is human landing collection, resting collection and ELISA blood-feed. The results showed that the population density of An. farauti mosquito did not have a positive relationship with the number of malaria patients in both study areas. The activity of An. farauti mosquito on blood-seeking at the coastal and swamp ecosystems lasted all night but mainly at 18:00 to 19:00 hour. The study also showed that blood-seeking activity mostly done outside of the house. Age estimation of An. farauti mosquito population at coastal ecosystems ranging from 16-18 days, while in the swamp ecosystem is 12-14 days. Population density, approximately age and blood-seeking behavior indicates that An. farauti mosquitoes on the coastal and swamp ecosystems have the potential to be an effective malaria vector.   Keywords: Malaria, Vector, Behavior

BACKGROUNDCysticercosis is an infectious disease caused by the larval form of Taenia solium (cysticercus cellulosae) and has been ranked as the most important food-borne parasite of humans in terms of public health, socioeconomic and trade impact. Cysticercosis is still a health problem in Papua and is inseparable from socio-cultural factors, hygiene and environmental sanitation. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of cysticercosis and the risk factors that contribute to cysticercosis.

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The first highland malaria outbreak and associated deaths was reported in May 2010 from several villages in Homeyo District, Papua Province. Homeyo is 1900 M above sea level with 15–25°C air temperature, an uncommon condition for mosquitoes to breed. The epidemiological and parasitological survey in June 2010 conducted by the Papua Health Department found Plasmodium Falciparum Rate (PFR) in Bamba, Sanepa, Pogapa and Degesiga villages were 44.23%, 6.73%, 20.27% and 7.40%, respectively. Based on verbal autopsy, the team found 36 death cases due to malaria suspect. The entomological survey was intended to identify the species and breeding habitat of suspected mosquito vectors, and the distribution of the highland malaria cases related to the village location and human behaviour. The survey was carried out from 30 August to 3 September 2010. We collected larva and adult stage mosquitoes, malaria case mapping with GPS, environmental observation, short interview and blood test. Although neither larva nor adult stage of Anopheles spp. was caught due to the heavy rain and limited time of survey, the opening of new land program were likely to play an important role in creating a new mosquito breeding site. Further, the indigenous Papuan live in traditional houses, without window and light and only fireplace at night. The case's houses were located close to the breeding habitat and within a flight range of Anopheles. A more systematic and sustainable health education program is needed to raise public health awareness. The use of Long Lasting Insecticide Nets is the best choice for this area.