The article considers the problem of studying the psychological security of an individual in domestic and foreign approaches. The concept of a psychological security of an individual, its structural components, criteria and factors of influence are taken into account; features of a psychological security of a specialist in extreme conditions are examined. It has been established that a person’s professional activity has an impact on his/her physical, mental, and social health, leading to specific forms of mental disorders. This is especially evident in the activities of health professionals. Peculiarities of structural components concerning psychological security of a nurse, namely the motivationalvolitional, value-semantic, and inner comfort components are studied. The following research methods are used: the viability test by S. Maddy (adapted by D. Leontiev and O. Rasskazova) and “The scale of professional activity motivation” by K. Zamfir (modified by A. Rean) to study the motivational-volitional component of psychological security of an individual; the method of difficult life conditions by D.O. Leontiev to study the value-semantic component; the questionnaire “State of health in extreme conditions” by A. Volkov and N. Vodopianova to study the inner comfort of an individual. Spearman’s correlation method was used for statistical analysis. The analysis of the results suggests that nurses need psychological help during the pandemic.